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Modelling and performance of a small siphonic hydropower system

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  • Stark, B.H.
  • Andò, E.
  • Hartley, G.

Abstract

A siphon turbine is a low-head, axial-flow hydropower device that can be installed across an impound structure, such as a weir. A laboratory-scale siphon turbine and generator system is built from both off-the-shelf components and bespoke components designed using well-documented guidance. This paper proposes a modelling method for the system, which allows performance to be assessed as a function of operating variables including head, electric load, runner speed and flow rate. An un-modified, commercially available propeller is used for the runner, whose blade geometry is defined within the model as a set of polynomials. This enables flow angles at any radial position on a blade to be determined as a function of the system operating point. Consequently, the impact of design changes on system performance can be quantified, such as part-load efficiency for example. Testing using the laboratory-scale system is conducted up to a maximum gross head of 0.25 m, to validate the component models and then to demonstrate that the final system model provides satisfactory agreement with experiments over the operational speed and head range. The model therefore permits rapid conceptual design to be carried out without the need for computationally intensive co-optimisation of components.

Suggested Citation

  • Stark, B.H. & Andò, E. & Hartley, G., 2011. "Modelling and performance of a small siphonic hydropower system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 2451-2464.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:36:y:2011:i:9:p:2451-2464
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.02.012
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alexander, K.V. & Giddens, E.P., 2008. "Microhydro: Cost-effective, modular systems for low heads," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(6), pages 1379-1391.
    2. Alexander, K.V. & Giddens, E.P. & Fuller, A.M., 2009. "Axial-flow turbines for low head microhydro systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 35-47.
    3. Paish, Oliver, 2002. "Small hydro power: technology and current status," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 6(6), pages 537-556, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhou, Daqing & Gui, Jia & Deng, Zhiqun Daniel & Chen, Huixiang & Yu, Yunyun & Yu, An & Yang, Chunxia, 2019. "Development of an ultra-low head siphon hydro turbine using computational fluid dynamics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 43-50.
    2. Uchiyama, Tomomi & Honda, Satoshi & Degawa, Tomohiro, 2018. "Development of a propeller-type hollow micro-hydraulic turbine with excellent performance in passing foreign matter," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 545-551.
    3. Alexander Parygin & Alexander Volkov & Artem Ryzhenkov, 2015. "Commentary on the Efficiency of Selected Structural Designs of Low Head Micro Hydraulic Power Plants," Modern Applied Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(4), pages 116-116, April.
    4. Uchiyama, Tomomi & Gu, Qiang & Degawa, Tomohiro & Iio, Shouichiro & Ikeda, Toshihiko & Takamure, Kotaro, 2020. "Numerical simulations of the flow and performance of a hydraulic Savonius turbine by the vortex in cell method with volume penalization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 482-490.
    5. Manzano-Agugliaro, Francisco & Taher, Myriam & Zapata-Sierra, Antonio & Juaidi, Adel & Montoya, Francisco G., 2017. "An overview of research and energy evolution for small hydropower in Europe," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 476-489.
    6. Auth, Trevor L. & Wackerman, Grace E. & Garcia, Marcelo H. & Stillwell, Ashlynn S., 2021. "Low-head hydropower as a reserve power source: A case study of Northeastern Illinois," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 980-989.

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