Cooperative economic dispatch of EV-HV coupled electric-hydrogen integrated energy system considering V2G response and carbon trading

With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, the Power-to-hydrogen technology accelerates the adoption of new energy vehicles, including both hydrogen vehicles (HV) and electric vehicles (EV). Simultaneously, the integration of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology further promotes the development of electric-hydrogen integrated energy systems coupled with transportation systems. In this study, an optimal scheduling model is developed for an EV-HV coupled electric-hydrogen integrated energy system, taking into account V2G response and carbon trading. Firstly, to address the randomness of renewable energy and loads, the Latin hypercube sampling method in conjunction with the Kantorovich scenario reduction method, is employed for scenario generation and simplification. Secondly, an optimization model is developed for the operation of hydrogen-blended gas turbines and the energy management of EVs and HVs. To encourage the participation of EVs and HVs, a reward mechanism for V2G responses is introduced, complemented by a time-of-use tariff, to guide orderly charging and discharging. Furthermore, the influence of the operating modes of EVs and HVs, as well as the hydrogen blending ratio, on the total system cost and carbon emissions is examined. An industrial park is selected as an illustrative example to showcase the effectiveness of the proposed method, demonstrating satisfied economic and environmental performances.