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Experimental and numerical investigations on the effect of Al2O3/TiO2H2O nanofluids on thermal efficiency of the flat plate solar collector

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  • Farajzadeh, Ehsan
  • Movahed, Saeid
  • Hosseini, Reza

Abstract

In this study, the effect of using nanofluids on the thermal efficiency of a flat plate solar collector (FPSC) is investigated numerically and experimentally. The results of numerical studies conducted by the open source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software have good agreement with the experimental results. The studied nanofluids were Al2O3H2O (20 nm 0.1 wt%), TiO2H2O (15 nm 0.1 wt%), and their mixture with equal ratio. The nanofluids were prepared based on two-step method and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as a surfactant. Volume flow rates were 1.5 l/min, 2.0 l/min and 2.5 l/min. Experimental results show that by using Al2O3 (0.1 wt%), TiO2 (0.1 wt%) and the mixture of these two nanofluids, the thermal efficiency will enhance about 19%, 21% and 26%, respectively (compared with water as a working fluid). A mixture of the two nanofluids attains the best thermal performance compared to the two other nanofluids. Since TiO2 is more expensive than Al2O3 Nanopowder, using the mixture of them is more economical with better thermal efficiency. Increasing the concentration of the nanofluid mixture from 0.1 wt% to 0.2 wt% will result in approximately 5% improvement in the thermal efficiency of the solar collector. Also, the thermal efficiency will be intensified by volume flow rate.

Suggested Citation

  • Farajzadeh, Ehsan & Movahed, Saeid & Hosseini, Reza, 2018. "Experimental and numerical investigations on the effect of Al2O3/TiO2H2O nanofluids on thermal efficiency of the flat plate solar collector," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 122-130.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:118:y:2018:i:c:p:122-130
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2017.10.102
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    5. Shamshirgaran, Seyed Reza & Khalaji Assadi, Morteza & Badescu, Viorel & Al-Kayiem, Hussain H., 2018. "Upper limits for the work extraction by nanofluid-filled selective flat-plate solar collectors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 875-885.
    6. Muhammad Kaleem & Muzaffar Ali & Nadeem Ahmed Sheikh & Javed Akhtar & Rasikh Tariq & Jaroslaw Krzywanski, 2023. "Performance Characteristic Analysis of Metallic and Non-Metallic Oxide Nanofluids for a Compound Parabolic Collector: Improvement of Renewable Energy Technologies in Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-24, January.
    7. Akram, Naveed & Montazer, Elham & Kazi, S.N. & Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M. & Ahmed, Waqar & Zubir, Mohd Nashrul Mohd & Afzal, Asif & Muhammad, Mohd Ridha & Ali, Hafiz Muhammad & Márquez, Fausto Pedro , 2021. "Experimental investigations of the performance of a flat-plate solar collector using carbon and metal oxides based nanofluids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    8. Ahmadlouydarab, Majid & Ebadolahzadeh, Mohammad & Muhammad Ali, Hafiz, 2020. "Effects of utilizing nanofluid as working fluid in a lab-scale designed FPSC to improve thermal absorption and efficiency," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 540(C).
    9. Seyed Reza Shamshirgaran & Hussain H. Al-Kayiem & Korada V. Sharma & Mostafa Ghasemi, 2020. "State of the Art of Techno-Economics of Nanofluid-Laden Flat-Plate Solar Collectors for Sustainable Accomplishment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-52, November.
    10. Zhou, Liqun & Wang, Yiping & Huang, Qunwu, 2019. "CFD investigation of a new flat plate collector with additional front side transparent insulation for use in cold regions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 754-763.
    11. Mohammed Ahmed & Mohammed Muhana Meteab & Qusay Oglah Salih & Hussein A. Mohammed & Omer A. Alawi, 2022. "Experimental Investigation on the Thermophysical and Rheological Behavior of Aqueous Dual Hybrid Nanofluid in Flat Plate Solar Collectors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-23, November.
    12. Saffarian, Mohammad Reza & Moravej, Mojtaba & Doranehgard, Mohammad Hossein, 2020. "Heat transfer enhancement in a flat plate solar collector with different flow path shapes using nanofluid," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 2316-2329.
    13. Liwei Lu & Rui Tian & Xiaofei Han, 2023. "Optimization of Nanofluid Flow and Temperature Uniformity in the Spectral Beam Splitting Module of PV/T System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-15, June.
    14. Coccia, Gianluca & Tomassetti, Sebastiano & Di Nicola, Giovanni, 2021. "Thermal conductivity of nanofluids: A review of the existing correlations and a scaled semi-empirical equation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).

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