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Safety II professionals: How resilience engineering can transform safety practice

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  • Provan, David J.
  • Woods, David D.
  • Dekker, Sidney W.A.
  • Rae, Andrew J.

Abstract

The safety management literature describes two distinct modes through which safety is achieved. These can be described as safety management through centralized control, or safety management through guided adaptability. Safety management through centralized control, labelled by Hollnagel as ‘Safety-I’, aims to align and control the organization and its people through the central determination of what is safe. Safety management through guided adaptability, or ‘Safety-II’, aims to enable the organization and its people to safely adapt to emergent situations and conditions. Safety-II has been presented as a paradigm shift in safety theory, but it has created practical difficulties for safety professional practice. In this paper, we define the two modes of safety management and explain the challenges in changing the role of a safety professional to support Safety-II. When should safety professionals re-enforce alignment, and when should they support frontline adaptations? We outline specific activities for safety professionals to adopt in their role to move towards a guided adaptability mode of safety management. This will move the safety professional further towards their fundamental responsibility – ‘to create foresight about the changing shape of risk, and facilitate action, before people are harmed.’

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  • Provan, David J. & Woods, David D. & Dekker, Sidney W.A. & Rae, Andrew J., 2020. "Safety II professionals: How resilience engineering can transform safety practice," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:195:y:2020:i:c:s0951832018309864
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2019.106740
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Woods, David D., 2015. "Four concepts for resilience and the implications for the future of resilience engineering," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 5-9.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Zheng Zhu & Jingfeng Yuan & Qiuhu Shao & Lei Zhang & Guangqi Wang & Xuewei Li, 2020. "Developing Key Safety Management Factors for Construction Projects in China: A Resilience Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-20, August.
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    4. Love, Peter E.D. & Matthews, Jane, 2020. "Quality, requisite imagination and resilience: Managing risk and uncertainty in construction," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
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    7. Ben Riemersma & Rolf Künneke & Genserik Reniers & Aad Correljé, 2020. "Upholding Safety in Future Energy Systems: The Need for Systemic Risk Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-20, December.
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    9. Xiao, Jun & Qu, Yuqing & She, Buxin & Song, Chenhui, 2023. "Operational boundary of flow network," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    10. Simsekler, Mecit Can Emre & Qazi, Abroon & Alalami, Mohammad Amjad & Ellahham, Samer & Ozonoff, Al, 2020. "Evaluation of patient safety culture using a random forest algorithm," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    11. Federica De Leo & Valerio Elia & Maria Grazia Gnoni & Fabiana Tornese, 2023. "Integrating Safety-I and Safety-II Approaches in Near Miss Management: A Critical Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-14, January.
    12. Mitchell Caroline & Strevens Caroline & Labib Ashraf & Van Laar Darren, 2023. "No Harm in Learning – A Balanced High Reliability Organisation (HRO) Approach in Healthcare," Journal of Social and Economic Statistics, Sciendo, vol. 12(2), pages 1-19, December.
    13. Adhita, I Gde Manik Sukanegara & Fuchi, Masaki & Konishi, Tsukasa & Fujimoto, Shoji, 2023. "Ship navigation from a Safety-II perspective: A case study of training-ship operation in coastal area," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
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    15. Varajão, João & Fernandes, Gabriela & Amaral, António & Gonçalves, A. Manuela, 2021. "Team Resilience Model: An Empirical Examination of Information Systems Projects," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).

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