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Analysis of major risks associated with hydrocarbon storage caverns in bedded salt rock

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  • Yang, Chunhe
  • Jing, Wenjun
  • Daemen, J.J.K.
  • Zhang, Guimin
  • Du, Chao

Abstract

Salt rock is internationally accepted as an ideal medium for energy storage. As an energy storage structure, the safety of hydrocarbon storage caverns in salt rock is related to the national economy and to social public security. Risk analysis is an important method of engineering safety evaluation. In this paper the major risks associated with hydrocarbon storage caverns in bedded salt rock are defined. The major risks are classified under the headings of ‘oil and gas leakage’, ‘ground subsidence’, and ‘cavern failure’, and are discussed under these topical titles. The factors leading to the major risks associated with storage caverns are identified by reviewing descriptions of major accidents of salt storage caverns around the world. Fault tree models for the three major risks are established and analyzed. Basic paths of the risk and their occurrence probability ranking are derived. The risk factors which contribute greatly to the risk are identified by calculating the importance degree of all the basic events. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation methodology for major risk loss is generated based on the analytic hierarchy process. This provides a theoretical foundation for the evaluation and prevention of major risks in the construction and operation of storage caverns in bedded salt rock.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Chunhe & Jing, Wenjun & Daemen, J.J.K. & Zhang, Guimin & Du, Chao, 2013. "Analysis of major risks associated with hydrocarbon storage caverns in bedded salt rock," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 94-111.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:113:y:2013:i:c:p:94-111
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2012.12.017
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    1. Zalitis, Ivars & Dolgicers, Aleksandrs & Zemite, Laila & Ganter, Sebastian & Kopustinskas, Vytis & Vamanu, Bogdan & Finger, Jörg & Fuggini, Clemente & Bode, Ilmars & Kozadajevs, Jevgenijs & Häring, Iv, 2022. "Mitigation of the impact of disturbances in gas transmission systems," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    2. Maria Portarapillo & Almerinda Di Benedetto, 2021. "Risk Assessment of the Large-Scale Hydrogen Storage in Salt Caverns," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-12, May.
    3. Syed, Zaki & Lawryshyn, Yuri, 2020. "Risk analysis of an underground gas storage facility using a physics-based system performance model and Monte Carlo simulation," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    4. Barbara Uliasz-Misiak & Joanna Lewandowska-Śmierzchalska & Rafał Matuła, 2021. "Selection of Underground Hydrogen Storage Risk Assessment Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-13, December.
    5. Yintong Guo & Qiqi Ying & Duocai Wang & Hong Zhang & Famu Huang & Haitao Guo & Lei Hou & Mingnan Xu & Hejuan Liu & Debin Xia, 2022. "Experimental Study on Shear Characteristics of Structural Plane with Different Fluctuation Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-17, October.
    6. Shuo Jiang & Yimin Wang, 2019. "Long-Term Ground Settlements over Mined-Out Region Induced by Railway Construction and Operation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-19, February.
    7. Wang, Tongtao & Ao, Lide & Wang, Bin & Ding, Shuanglong & Wang, Kangyue & Yao, Fulai & Daemen, J.J.K., 2022. "Tightness of an underground energy storage salt cavern with adverse geological conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    8. Zhang, Xiong & Liu, Wei & Jiang, Deyi & Qiao, Weibiao & Liu, Enbin & Zhang, Nan & Fan, Jinyang, 2021. "Investigation on the influences of interlayer contents on stability and usability of energy storage caverns in bedded rock salt," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    9. Zhang, Nan & Shi, Xilin & Wang, Tongtao & Yang, Chunhe & Liu, Wei & Ma, Hongling & Daemen, J.J.K., 2017. "Stability and availability evaluation of underground strategic petroleum reserve (SPR) caverns in bedded rock salt of Jintan, China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 504-514.
    10. Liu, Wei & Zhang, Zhixin & Chen, Jie & Fan, Jinyang & Jiang, Deyi & Jjk, Daemen & Li, Yinping, 2019. "Physical simulation of construction and control of two butted-well horizontal cavern energy storage using large molded rock salt specimens," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 682-694.
    11. Zhang, Aibo & Yin, Zhaoyuan & Wu, Zhiying & Xie, Min & Liu, Yiliu & Yu, Haoshui, 2023. "Investigation of the compressed air energy storage (CAES) system utilizing systems-theoretic process analysis (STPA) towards safe and sustainable energy supply," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1075-1085.
    12. Yang, Chunhe & Wang, Tongtao & Li, Yinping & Yang, Haijun & Li, Jianjun & Qu, Dan’an & Xu, Baocai & Yang, Yun & Daemen, J.J.K., 2015. "Feasibility analysis of using abandoned salt caverns for large-scale underground energy storage in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 467-481.

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