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Quantifying the influence of residential water appliance efficiency on average day diurnal demand patterns at an end use level: A precursor to optimised water service infrastructure planning

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  • Carragher, Byron J.
  • Stewart, Rodney A.
  • Beal, Cara D.

Abstract

Residential water consumption reductions resulting from water efficiency measures has received much research attention in recent years; however, research into the contribution of such measures in reducing hourly water demand and subsequent benefits to urban water service infrastructure efficiency is still in its infancy. In an attempt to address this issue, this study examined the degree of influence that differing water stock (e.g. taps, shower heads, clothes washers) efficiency in 191 households, participating in an Australian smart metering study, had on average day (AD) diurnal consumption patterns. Sub-sample clusters used for analysis were formed by a weighted household water stock efficiency star rating classification method. Results showed a statistically significant reduction in AD peak hour water consumption in households with stock of a higher composite star rating. Paired comparison between households with a composite efficiency rating greater than or equal to (≥) three stars and those of a composite rating less than (<) three stars showed a reduction in AD morning and evening peak hour consumption of 1.9L/p/h/d (15.35%) and 1.55L/p/h/d (16.64%), respectively. The paper concludes with a discussion on pipe network modelling and capital infrastructure efficiency implications derived from a better understanding of the likely reductions in AD peak hour water demand, due to residential water stock efficiency measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Carragher, Byron J. & Stewart, Rodney A. & Beal, Cara D., 2012. "Quantifying the influence of residential water appliance efficiency on average day diurnal demand patterns at an end use level: A precursor to optimised water service infrastructure planning," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 81-90.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:62:y:2012:i:c:p:81-90
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2012.02.008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Willis, Rachelle M. & Stewart, Rodney A. & Panuwatwanich, Kriengsak & Jones, Sarah & Kyriakides, Andreas, 2010. "Alarming visual display monitors affecting shower end use water and energy conservation in Australian residential households," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 54(12), pages 1117-1127.
    2. Bouwer, Herman, 2000. "Integrated water management: emerging issues and challenges," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 45(3), pages 217-228, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gurung, Thulo Ram & Stewart, Rodney A. & Sharma, Ashok K. & Beal, Cara D., 2014. "Smart meters for enhanced water supply network modelling and infrastructure planning," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 34-50.
    2. Fan, Liangxin & Liu, Guobin & Wang, Fei & Geissen, Violette & Ritsema, Coen J. & Tong, Yan, 2013. "Water use patterns and conservation in households of Wei River Basin, China," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 45-53.
    3. Vieira, Paula & Jorge, Catarina & Covas, Dídia, 2017. "Assessment of household water use efficiency using performance indices," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 94-106.
    4. Liu, Ariane & Giurco, Damien & Mukheibir, Pierre, 2015. "Motivating metrics for household water-use feedback," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 29-46.

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