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Parking policy: The effects of residential minimum parking requirements in Seattle

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  • Gabbe, C.J.
  • Pierce, Gregory
  • Clowers, Gordon

Abstract

Parking regulations are a central part of American zoning. There is mounting evidence about the negative effects of parking requirements on the environment and housing affordability. Given this evidence, some cities have reduced or eliminated parking requirements in certain areas. Our research examines how real estate developers respond to municipal parking reforms. We answer two questions. First, how do parking requirements affect the amount of parking provided in new residential developments? Second, how do developers’ responses vary by building and neighborhood characteristics?

Suggested Citation

  • Gabbe, C.J. & Pierce, Gregory & Clowers, Gordon, 2020. "Parking policy: The effects of residential minimum parking requirements in Seattle," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:lauspo:v:91:y:2020:i:c:s0264837718312870
    DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104053
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. repec:cdl:itsdav:qt49t729rc is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Gössling, Stefan & Humpe, Andreas & Hologa, Rafael & Riach, Nils & Freytag, Tim, 2022. "Parking violations as an economic gamble for public space," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 248-257.
    3. De Gruyter, Chris & Butt, Andrew & Davies, Liam, 2024. "Exploring the potential for unbundling off-street car parking in residential apartment buildings," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 237-248.
    4. De Gruyter, Chris & Hooper, Paula & Foster, Sarah, 2023. "Do apartment residents have enough car parking? An empirical assessment of car parking adequacy in Australian cities," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    5. McAslan, Devon & Sprei, Frances, 2023. "Minimum parking requirements and car ownership: An analysis of Swedish municipalities," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 45-58.
    6. Tang, Wei & Zheng, Liang & Mei, Zhenyu, 2025. "Towards better parking provision: Insights from parking lot utilization analysis of Hangzhou, China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    7. Chris De Gruyter & Long T. Truong & Gerard de Jong & Sarah Foster, 2025. "Determinants of zero-car and car-owning apartment households," Transportation, Springer, vol. 52(4), pages 1593-1620, August.
    8. repec:cdl:itsrrp:qt03z7t8r1 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. De Gruyter, Chris & Davies, Liam & Truong, Long T., 2021. "Examining spatial variations in minimum residential parking requirements in Melbourne," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    10. Gabbe, C.J. & Kevane, Michael & Sundstrom, William A., 2021. "The effects of an “urban village” planning and zoning strategy in San Jose, California," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).

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