IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/lauspo/v90y2020ics0264837719308312.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Unravelling the impact of street network structure and gated community layout in development-oriented transit design

Author

Listed:
  • Sun, Guibo
  • Wallace, Dugald
  • Webster, Chris

Abstract

We investigate the associations between walking patterns and street network structure in the context of transit station development intended to create its own demand rather than serve existing demand, and an urban morphology dominated by gated communities in station areas. We record the complete actual walking routes of 3637 metro users from station exits to their destinations. We then extract pedestrian access behaviour from these routes, summarised by link use density measured by pedestrian volume on each road segment; and route detour measured by deviation from the shortest access path. We unravel the impact of two design elements in station areas on the observed pedestrian access behaviours: street network structure measured by network centralities; and gated community layout measured by the degree of gatedness, numbers, and geographic size. The route detours and network centralities are calculated based on a complete pedestrian network that includes pedestrian paths inside the gated communities. The results show that network structure significantly impacts link use density. The higher the betweenness of a link (a network measure of connectivity to shortest paths), the higher the volume of metro riders using it. The main reason for pedestrians leaving metro stations on routes that deviate from the shortest access path was the presence of gated communities. The results suggest that in countries like China where metro station development is used as a land development and urban expansion strategy and where gated neighbourhoods are a common development typology, a policy to selectively open up gated communities to more permeable pedestrian flows would be in the interest of station access with attendant benefits, by deduction, such as promoting metro ridership and increasing population health. The research framework and key findings of this study are transferable to transit developments throughout China and in similar developing contexts.

Suggested Citation

  • Sun, Guibo & Wallace, Dugald & Webster, Chris, 2020. "Unravelling the impact of street network structure and gated community layout in development-oriented transit design," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:lauspo:v:90:y:2020:i:c:s0264837719308312
    DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104328
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264837719308312
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104328?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Reid Ewing & Robert Cervero, 2010. "Travel and the Built Environment," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 76(3), pages 265-294.
    2. Yang, Jiawen & Chen, Junxian & Le, Xiaohui & Zhang, Qin, 2016. "Density-oriented versus development-oriented transit investment: Decoding metro station location selection in Shenzhen," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 93-102.
    3. Zoltán Cs�falvay & Chris Webster, 2012. "Gates or No Gates? A Cross-European Enquiry into the Driving Forces behind Gated Communities," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(3), pages 293-308, June.
    4. Craig Townsend & John Zacharias, 2010. "Built environment and pedestrian behavior at rail rapid transit stations in Bangkok," Transportation, Springer, vol. 37(2), pages 317-330, March.
    5. Papa, Enrica & Bertolini, Luca, 2015. "Accessibility and Transit-Oriented Development in European metropolitan areas," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 70-83.
    6. Tao, Wendy & Mehndiratta, Shomik & Deakin, Elizabeth, 2010. "Compulsory Convenience?: How Large Arterials and Land Use Affect Midblock Crossing in Fushun, China," The Journal of Transport and Land Use, Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota, vol. 3(3), pages 61-82.
    7. Jiang, Yang & Christopher Zegras, P. & Mehndiratta, Shomik, 2012. "Walk the line: station context, corridor type and bus rapid transit walk access in Jinan, China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 1-14.
    8. Dorsey, Bryan & Mulder, Alice, 2013. "Planning, place-making and building consensus for transit-oriented development: Ogden, Utah case study," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 65-76.
    9. John Zacharias & Qi Zhao, 2018. "Local environmental factors in walking distance at metro stations," Public Transport, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 91-106, May.
    10. Chang, Zheng & Phang, Sock-Yong, 2017. "Urban rail transit PPPs: Lessons from East Asian cities," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 106-122.
    11. Junfeng Jiao & Yong Chen & Ning He, 2017. "Plan pedestrian friendly environments around subway stations: lessons from Shanghai, China," Journal of Urban Design, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(6), pages 796-811, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Omer Dogan & Jaewon Han & Sugie Lee, 2021. "Opening Gated Communities and Neighborhood Accessibility Benefits: The Case of Seoul, Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-15, April.
    2. Zezhou Wu & Lu Yang & Kexi Xu & Jinming Zhang & Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, 2021. "Key Factors of Opening Gated Community in Urban Area: A Case Study of China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-10, March.
    3. Senqi Yang & Wenken Tan & Longxu Yan, 2021. "Evaluating Accessibility Benefits of Opening Gated Communities for Pedestrians and Cyclists in China: A Case Study of Shanghai," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-14, January.
    4. Dongsheng He & Guibo Sun & Ling Li & Chris Webster, 2024. "New metro and housing price and rent premiums: A natural experiment in China," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 61(7), pages 1371-1392, May.
    5. Ji, Shujuan & Wang, Xin & Lyu, Tao & Liu, Xiaojie & Wang, Yuanqing & Heinen, Eva & Sun, Zhenwei, 2022. "Understanding cycling distance according to the prediction of the XGBoost and the interpretation of SHAP: A non-linear and interaction effect analysis," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    6. Zhao, Jianting & Sun, Guibo & Webster, Chris, 2022. "Does China-Pakistan Economic Corridor improve connectivity in Pakistan? A protocol assessing the planned transport network infrastructure," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    7. Yibang Zhang & Yukun Zou & Zhenjun Zhu & Xiucheng Guo & Xin Feng, 2022. "Evaluating Pedestrian Environment Using DeepLab Models Based on Street Walkability in Small and Medium-Sized Cities: Case Study in Gaoping, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-23, November.
    8. Su, Shiliang & Zhang, Hui & Wang, Miao & Weng, Min & Kang, Mengjun, 2021. "Transit-oriented development (TOD) typologies around metro station areas in urban China: A comparative analysis of five typical megacities for planning implications," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    9. Xinxin Hao & Jilong Zhao & Qingtan Deng & Siyu Wang & Canyi Che & Yuxiang Chen, 2024. "The Influence of Morphological Elements of Urban Gated Communities on Road Network Connectivity: A Study of 120 Samples of the Central Districts of Jinan, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-21, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Pueboobpaphan, Rattaphol & Pueboobpaphan, Suthatip & Sukhotra, Suthasinee, 2022. "Acceptable walking distance to transit stations in Bangkok, Thailand: Application of a stated preference technique," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    2. Panyu Tang & Mahdi Aghaabbasi & Mujahid Ali & Amin Jan & Abdeliazim Mustafa Mohamed & Abdullah Mohamed, 2022. "How Sustainable Is People’s Travel to Reach Public Transit Stations to Go to Work? A Machine Learning Approach to Reveal Complex Relationships," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-18, March.
    3. John Zacharias & Qi Zhao, 2018. "Local environmental factors in walking distance at metro stations," Public Transport, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 91-106, May.
    4. Gan, Zuoxian & Yang, Min & Zeng, Qingcheng & Timmermans, Harry J.P., 2021. "Associations between built environment, perceived walkability/bikeability and metro transfer patterns," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 171-187.
    5. Wang, Jueyu & Cao, Xinyu, 2017. "Exploring built environment correlates of walking distance of transit egress in the Twin Cities," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 132-138.
    6. Ibraeva, Anna & Correia, Gonçalo Homem de Almeida & Silva, Cecília & Antunes, António Pais, 2020. "Transit-oriented development: A review of research achievements and challenges," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 110-130.
    7. Vale, David S. & Viana, Cláudia M. & Pereira, Mauro, 2018. "The extended node-place model at the local scale: Evaluating the integration of land use and transport for Lisbon's subway network," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 282-293.
    8. Phani Kumar, P. & Ravi Sekhar, Ch. & Parida, Manoranjan, 2018. "Residential dissonance in TOD neighborhoods," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 166-177.
    9. Goode, Charles Edward, 2023. "TOD in regional urban growth boundaries (UGBs): A case of transit adjacent development or a strategic housing solution?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    10. Mu, Rui & de Jong, Martin, 2016. "A network governance approach to transit-oriented development: Integrating urban transport and land use policies in Urumqi, China," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 55-63.
    11. Vale, David S., 2015. "Transit-oriented development, integration of land use and transport, and pedestrian accessibility: Combining node-place model with pedestrian shed ratio to evaluate and classify station areas in Lisbo," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 70-80.
    12. Tao, Tao & Wang, Jueyu & Cao, Xinyu, 2020. "Exploring the non-linear associations between spatial attributes and walking distance to transit," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    13. Huang, Yu & Parker, Dawn & Minaker, Leia, 2021. "Identifying latent demand for transit-oriented development neighbourhoods: Evidence from a mid-sized urban area in Canada," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    14. Liu, Yudi & Nath, Nabamita & Murayama, Akito & Manabe, Rikutaro, 2022. "Transit-oriented development with urban sprawl? Four phases of urban growth and policy intervention in Tokyo," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    15. Liao, Cong & Scheuer, Bronte, 2022. "Evaluating the performance of transit-oriented development in Beijing metro station areas: Integrating morphology and demand into the node-place model," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    16. Daniels, Rhonda & Mulley, Corinne, 2013. "Explaining walking distance to public transport: The dominance of public transport supply," The Journal of Transport and Land Use, Center for Transportation Studies, University of Minnesota, vol. 6(2), pages 5-20.
    17. Liao, Yuan, 2021. "Ride-sourcing compared to its public-transit alternative using big trip data," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    18. Mulley, Corinne & Ho, Chinh & Ho, Loan & Hensher, David & Rose, John, 2018. "Will bus travellers walk further for a more frequent service? An international study using a stated preference approach," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 88-97.
    19. Vergel-Tovar, C. Erik & Rodriguez, Daniel A., 2018. "The ridership performance of the built environment for BRT systems: Evidence from Latin America," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 172-184.
    20. Su, Shiliang & Wang, Zhuolun & Li, Bozhao & Kang, Mengjun, 2022. "Deciphering the influence of TOD on metro ridership: An integrated approach of extended node-place model and interpretable machine learning with planning implications," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:lauspo:v:90:y:2020:i:c:s0264837719308312. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joice Jiang (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/land-use-policy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.