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Dollar not so dominant: Dollar invoicing has only a small effect on trade prices

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  • Gagnon, Joseph E.
  • Sarsenbayev, Madi

Abstract

This paper estimates and tests three models of the effects of exchange rate changes on export prices. It supports the Goldberg and Knetter (1997) canonical result that exporters adjust their prices by about half of any movement in exchange rates. A new twist is that exchange rate movements against importing countries account for only two-thirds of this price adjustment, while exchange rate movements against a dominant currency account for the other third. The dominant currency is the euro in Europe and Africa and the US dollar in Asia and the Western Hemisphere. The recent claim that the dollar is the most important driver of export prices (Gopinath et al. 2020) is shown to be valid only for the smallest transactions. For the bulk of international trade, the extra effects of the dollar (or the euro) beyond their effects as exporter or importer currencies are relatively modest.

Suggested Citation

  • Gagnon, Joseph E. & Sarsenbayev, Madi, 2023. "Dollar not so dominant: Dollar invoicing has only a small effect on trade prices," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jimfin:v:137:y:2023:i:c:s0261560623000906
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2023.102889
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg & Michael M. Knetter, 1997. "Goods Prices and Exchange Rates: What Have We Learned?," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 35(3), pages 1243-1272, September.
    2. Ha, Jongrim & Kose, M. Ayhan & Ohnsorge, Franziska, 2023. "One-stop source: A global database of inflation," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    3. Peter Hooper & Catherine L. Mann, 1989. "Exchange Rate Pass-through in the 1980s: The Case of U.S. Imports of Manufactures," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 20(1), pages 297-337.
    4. Michael R. M. Abrigo & Inessa Love, 2016. "Estimation of panel vector autoregression in Stata," Stata Journal, StataCorp LLC, vol. 16(3), pages 778-804, September.
    5. Feenstra, Robert C. & Gagnon, Joseph E. & Knetter, Michael M., 1996. "Market share and exchange rate pass-through in world automobile trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(1-2), pages 187-207, February.
    6. Grassman, Sven, 1973. "A fundamental symmetry in international payment patterns," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(2), pages 105-116, May.
    7. Gita Gopinath & Emine Boz & Camila Casas & Federico J. Díez & Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas & Mikkel Plagborg-Møller, 2020. "Dominant Currency Paradigm," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 110(3), pages 677-719, March.
    8. Linda S. Goldberg & Cédric Tille, 2006. "The International Role of the Dollar and Trade Balance Adjustment," NBER Working Papers 12495, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Gita Gopinath & Emine Boz & Camila Casas & Federico J. Díez & Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas & Mikkel Plagborg-Møller, 2020. "Dominant Currency Paradigm," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 110(3), pages 677-719, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. De Gregorio, José & García, Pablo & Luttini, Emiliano & Rojas, Marco, 2024. "From dominant to producer currency pricing: Dynamics of Chilean exports," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    2. Chen, Shiu-Sheng & Huang, Yao-Ting & Lin, Tzu-Yu, 2025. "Misaligned currencies and economic growth: The role of global value chains," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F32 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Current Account Adjustment; Short-term Capital Movements
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics

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