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Biodiesel production from waste frying oils: Optimization of reaction parameters and determination of fuel properties

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  • Uzun, Başak Burcu
  • Kılıç, Murat
  • Özbay, Nurgül
  • Pütün, Ayşe E.
  • Pütün, Ersan

Abstract

Alkali-catalyzed transesterification of waste frying oils (WFO) was carried out in various conditions to investigate the effects of catalyst concentration, reaction time, methanol/oil molar ratio, reaction temperature, catalyst type (hydroxides, methoxides and ethoxides), and purification type (such as washing with hot water, purification with silica gel and dowex) on the biodiesel yields. The optimum conditions were 0.5%wt. of NaOH, 30min reaction time, 50°C reaction temperature, 7.5 methanol to oil ratio and purification with hot distilled water. 96% biodiesel yield with ∼97% ester content was obtained within in these conditions, and the activation energy was found to be as 11741Jmol−1. The determined specifications of obtained biodiesel according to ASTM D 6751 and EN 14214 standards were in accordance with the required limits. As a conclusion, the present study indicates that WFO derived fuel promises being an alternative for petrodiesel, and could be used in engines without a major modification due to its qualifications.

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  • Uzun, Başak Burcu & Kılıç, Murat & Özbay, Nurgül & Pütün, Ayşe E. & Pütün, Ersan, 2012. "Biodiesel production from waste frying oils: Optimization of reaction parameters and determination of fuel properties," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 347-351.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:44:y:2012:i:1:p:347-351
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.06.024
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    8. Tooba Touqeer & Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz & Hamid Mukhtar & Ahmad Irfan & Sadia Akram & Aroosh Shabbir & Umer Rashid & Imededdine Arbi Nehdi & Thomas Shean Yaw Choong, 2019. "Fe 3 O 4 -PDA-Lipase as Surface Functionalized Nano Biocatalyst for the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil as Feedstock: Characterization and Process Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-19, December.
    9. Sanjid, A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Rahman, S.M. Ashrafur & Abedin, M.J. & Palash, S.M., 2013. "Impact of palm, mustard, waste cooking oil and Calophyllum inophyllum biofuels on performance and emission of CI engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 664-682.
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    11. Li, Yangyang & Jin, Yiying & Li, Jinhui, 2016. "Influence of thermal hydrolysis on composition characteristics of fatty acids in kitchen waste," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 139-147.
    12. Avhad, M.R. & Marchetti, J.M., 2015. "A review on recent advancement in catalytic materials for biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 696-718.
    13. Ong, Lu Ki & Effendi, Chintya & Kurniawan, Alfin & Lin, Chun Xiang & Zhao, Xiu Song & Ismadji, Suryadi, 2013. "Optimization of catalyst-free production of biodiesel from Ceiba pentandra (kapok) oil with high free fatty acid contents," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 615-623.
    14. Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir, 2019. "The effects of the fuel injection pressure on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with waste cooking oil biodiesel-diesel blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 649-666.
    15. Richard Ochieng & Alemayehu Gebremedhin & Shiplu Sarker, 2022. "Integration of Waste to Bioenergy Conversion Systems: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-22, April.
    16. Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha, Homa & Tan, Yie Hua & Kansedo, Jibrail & Mubarak, N.M. & Liew, Rock Keey & Yek, Peter Nai Yuh & Aghbashlo, Mortaza & Ng, Hui Suan & Chong, William Woei Fong & Lam, Su Shiung & , 2023. "Assessing biodiesel production using palm kernel shell-derived sulfonated magnetic biochar from the life cycle assessment perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    17. Badday, Ali Sabri & Abdullah, Ahmad Zuhairi & Lee, Keat-Teong, 2013. "Ultrasound-assisted transesterification of crude Jatropha oil using cesium doped heteropolyacid catalyst: Interactions between process variables," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 283-291.
    18. Behçet, Rasim & Yumrutaş, Recep & Oktay, Hasan, 2014. "Effects of fuels produced from fish and cooking oils on performance and emissions of a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 645-655.
    19. Hüseyin Çamur & Ebaa Alassi, 2021. "Physicochemical Properties Enhancement of Biodiesel Synthesis from Various Feedstocks of Waste/Residential Vegetable Oils and Palm Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-29, August.
    20. Dinesha, P. & Kumar, Shiva & Rosen, Marc A., 2019. "Combined effects of water emulsion and diethyl ether additive on combustion performance and emissions of a compression ignition engine using biodiesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 928-937.
    21. Serrano, Marta & Oliveros, Rubén & Sánchez, Marcos & Moraschini, Andrea & Martínez, Mercedes & Aracil, José, 2014. "Influence of blending vegetable oil methyl esters on biodiesel fuel properties: Oxidative stability and cold flow properties," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 109-115.

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