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Consumption estimation method for battery-electric buses using general line characteristics and temperature

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  • Szilassy, Péter Ákos
  • Földes, Dávid

Abstract

Though the battery capacity is increasing, in day-to-day operation, battery-electric buses (BEB) are still not able to replace buses with combustion engine one by one. Determining the best option to purchase or the daily operation of a BEB requires consumption estimation. Generally, the consumption is calculated using real data from test runs; however, testing an electric bus has a high cost. Without preliminary data collection, estimating the consumption is a barely studied area. The paper aims to elaborate a consumption estimation method applied in a data-deficient and inexperienced environment using general route characteristics. The consumptions of the drivetrain and auxiliary system are calculated considering uncertainties affecting fluctuations, such as ambient temperature, topography, stop spacing, and passenger load.

Suggested Citation

  • Szilassy, Péter Ákos & Földes, Dávid, 2022. "Consumption estimation method for battery-electric buses using general line characteristics and temperature," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:261:y:2022:i:pa:s0360544222019752
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.125080
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Bartłomiejczyk, Mikołaj & Caliandro, Priscilla, 2025. "Electrifying the bus network with trolleybus: Analyzing the in motion charging technology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PC).
    3. Yang, Lan & Hu, Zhiqiang & Wang, Liang & Liu, Yang & He, Jiangbo & Qu, Xiaobo & Zhao, Xiangmo & Fang, Shan, 2024. "Entire route eco-driving method for electric bus based on rule-based reinforcement learning," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    4. Zacharof, Nikiforos & Özener, Orkun & Broekaert, Stijn & Özkan, Muammer & Samaras, Zissis & Fontaras, Georgios, 2023. "The impact of bus passenger occupancy, heating ventilation and air conditioning systems on energy consumption and CO2 emissions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    5. Shan, Xiaonian & Li, Qi & Wan, Changxin & Ouyang, Ming & Hao, Peng & Wu, Guoyuan & Barth, Matthew, 2025. "An enhanced bilayer long short-term memory method for energy consumption estimation of electric buses with real-time passenger load," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 338(C).
    6. Hubert Maximilian Sistig & Philipp Sinhuber & Matthias Rogge & Dirk Uwe Sauer, 2024. "Optimizing Fleet Structure for Autonomous Electric Buses: A Route-Based Analysis in Aachen, Germany," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-25, May.

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