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Zeotropic working fluid selection for an organic Rankine cycle bottoming with a marine engine

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  • Wang, Enhua
  • Zhang, Mengru
  • Meng, Fanxiao
  • Zhang, Hongguang

Abstract

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is an effective approach for low-grade energy utilization. It is important to improve the efficiency of an ORC when the heat source temperature varies. In this study, a method of selecting zeotropic mixture for a bottoming ORC with changeable heat source temperature is presented. The effects of the operation conditions of the marine engine and the ambient temperature are investigated. First, the optimal performances of the ORC using 40 pure working fluids are determined and compared. Then, two zeotropic mixtures benzene/m-xylene and cyclopentane/toluene are selected and the mechanism of temperature match with the heat source and sink is explored. Finally, the performance improvement with benzene/m-xylene using the composition adjustment method is evaluated. The results indicate that the suitable pure working fluids are isopentane and R245ca for a low exhaust temperature while toluene and m-xylene are the best when the exhaust temperature is high. Using the zeotropic mixtures benzene/m-xylene and cyclopentane/toluene can obtain a high performance over the operation range of the marine engine. When the exhaust temperature is 225 °C, the net power and exergy efficiency of benzene/m-xylene are improved by 6.9%–21.9% and 6.5%–22.0%, respectively, compared with the pure fluids benzene and m-xylene. When the exhaust temperature increases to 380 °C, these improvements decrease to 1.9%–6.8%. If a zeotropic mixture is used, the critical temperature of the component with a high-boiling point should be close to the maximum operation temperature of the heat source, and the temperature glide should first match with the temperature increase of the heat sink. If the heat sink temperature is fixed, it is impossible to enhance the ORC performance using the composition adjustment method. However, the composition adjustment method is effective when the temperature of the heat sink varies with the ambient temperature. The net power and exergy efficiency of the ORC are improved by up to 21.9% and 22% in winter using benzene/m-xylene. However, these improvements are less than 6.8% in summer.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Enhua & Zhang, Mengru & Meng, Fanxiao & Zhang, Hongguang, 2022. "Zeotropic working fluid selection for an organic Rankine cycle bottoming with a marine engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:243:y:2022:i:c:s0360544221033466
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.123097
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    7. Wang, Enhua & Mao, Jingwen & Zhang, Bo & Wang, Yongzhen, 2023. "On the CAMD method based on PC-SAFT for working fluid design of a high-temperature organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    8. Feili, Milad & Rostamzadeh, Hadi & Ghaebi, Hadi, 2022. "Thermo-mechanical energy level approach integrated with exergoeconomic optimization for realistic cost evaluation of a novel micro-CCHP system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 630-657.
    9. Kallis, George & Roumpedakis, Tryfon C. & Pallis, Platon & Koutantzi, Zoi & Charalampidis, Antonios & Karellas, Sotirios, 2022. "Life cycle analysis of a waste heat recovery for marine engines Organic Rankine Cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).

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