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Strategies for a transition towards a solar district heating grid with integrated seasonal geothermal energy storage

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  • Formhals, Julian
  • Feike, Frederik
  • Hemmatabady, Hoofar
  • Welsch, Bastian
  • Sass, Ingo

Abstract

District heating plays a key role in achieving the TU Darmstadt’s emission reduction target for 2050. A combination of efficiency measures, integration of solar thermal collectors, waste heat utilization and seasonal storage is being considered to achieve these targets. However, the existing campus building infrastructure does not allow for an efficient immediate transition to a low-temperature solar district heating grid. Therefore, a stepwise transition with a successive reduction of the grid temperatures is investigated. Dynamic system simulations serve to compare transition strategies until 2050 with regard to their environmental performance and economic efficiency. The proposed strategies differ in dimensions of components as well as the timing of construction or decommissioning. Results indicate that the emission reduction target can be met most economically by a strategy with a gradual construction of 42,000 m2 of solar thermal collectors and a seasonal storage consisting of 37 boreholes of 750 m each, accompanied by a concurrent scaling-down of the existing CHP capacity. Compared to a strategy with an immediate construction of a full-sized system, the levelized cost of heat can be reduced from 7.6 ct/kWh to 6.3 ct/kWh, as projected renovation rates, energy prices and emission factors are taken into account better.

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  • Formhals, Julian & Feike, Frederik & Hemmatabady, Hoofar & Welsch, Bastian & Sass, Ingo, 2021. "Strategies for a transition towards a solar district heating grid with integrated seasonal geothermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:228:y:2021:i:c:s0360544221009117
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120662
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    2. Hemmatabady, Hoofar & Welsch, Bastian & Formhals, Julian & Sass, Ingo, 2022. "AI-based enviro-economic optimization of solar-coupled and standalone geothermal systems for heating and cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
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    7. Walch, Alina & Li, Xiang & Chambers, Jonathan & Mohajeri, Nahid & Yilmaz, Selin & Patel, Martin & Scartezzini, Jean-Louis, 2022. "Shallow geothermal energy potential for heating and cooling of buildings with regeneration under climate change scenarios," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).
    8. Maragna, Charles & Rey, Charlotte & Perreaux, Marc, 2023. "A novel and versatile solar Borehole Thermal Energy Storage assisted by a Heat Pump. Part 1: System description," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 709-725.
    9. Xenia Kirschstein & Joscha Reber & Rouven Zeus & Miriam Schuster & Nadja Bishara, 2023. "Modelling of Floor Heating and Cooling in Residential Districts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-17, August.
    10. Edtmayer, Hermann & Nageler, Peter & Heimrath, Richard & Mach, Thomas & Hochenauer, Christoph, 2021. "Investigation on sector coupling potentials of a 5th generation district heating and cooling network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    11. Han, Gwangwoo & Joo, Hong-Jin & Lim, Hee-Won & An, Young-Sub & Lee, Wang-Je & Lee, Kyoung-Ho, 2023. "Data-driven heat pump operation strategy using rainbow deep reinforcement learning for significant reduction of electricity cost," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    12. Bahlawan, Hilal & Losi, Enzo & Manservigi, Lucrezia & Morini, Mirko & Pinelli, Michele & Spina, Pier Ruggero & Venturini, Mauro, 2022. "Optimization of a renewable energy plant with seasonal energy storage for the transition towards 100% renewable energy supply," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 1296-1306.

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