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Sustainable renewable energy planning and wind farming optimization from a biodiversity perspective

Author

Listed:
  • Dhunny, A.Z.
  • Allam, Z.
  • Lobine, D.
  • Lollchund, M.R.

Abstract

The impacts of climate change, largely fuelled by the consumption of fossil fuels and an unhealthy consuming lifestyle, are encouraging a wide and far ranging adoption of renewable energy sources. This is critical, and well received, for countries who are on the frontline of climate change, in particular Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and those with fragile, unique and complex natural ecosystems. While there has been research on the importance of renewable energy and on the increasing of its efficiency for bettering its adoption and resulting economic gain, there is however little literature on the design and its implementation in respect to the rich and fragile biodiversity of areas; which contribute greatly to local ecosystems, and even to liveability dimensions of fauna, flora as well as humans, regions and cities. To ensure optimal energy generation while preserving fragile ecosystems, a method for numerical Genetic Algorithm (GA) is proposed for wind farming optimization to determine both the sitting of wind turbines and the Levelised Cost of Energy (LCOE). Optimal sites were identified in the small island of Mauritius and the model was applied on a complex terrain around an airport to identify optimal sites for the sitting of wind turbines while analysing the energy offset in terms of demand and supply of the area to encourage decentralised and more stable energy networks. Based on a set of parameters including local regulations and guidelines, 3 scenarios with a layout of 12, 24 and 36 wind farming sitting arrangements were proposed with a minimal impact on the fauna and flora; including the pathways of migratory birds. This paper is aimed at energy, urban planners and policy makers looking at sustainable energy planning.

Suggested Citation

  • Dhunny, A.Z. & Allam, Z. & Lobine, D. & Lollchund, M.R., 2019. "Sustainable renewable energy planning and wind farming optimization from a biodiversity perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1282-1297.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:185:y:2019:i:c:p:1282-1297
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.07.147
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    2. Dhunny, A.Z. & Doorga, J.R.S. & Allam, Z. & Lollchund, M.R. & Boojhawon, R., 2019. "Identification of optimal wind, solar and hybrid wind-solar farming sites using fuzzy logic modelling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    3. Wu, Yunna & Liao, Mingjuan & Hu, Mengyao & Lin, Jiawei & Zhou, Jianli & Zhang, Buyuan & Xu, Chuanbo, 2020. "A decision framework of low-speed wind farm projects in hilly areas based on DEMATEL-entropy-TODIM method from the sustainability perspective: A case in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    4. Ali Sadollah & Mohammad Nasir & Zong Woo Geem, 2020. "Sustainability and Optimization: From Conceptual Fundamentals to Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-34, March.
    5. Ayyoob Sharifi & Zaheer Allam, 2022. "On the taxonomy of smart city indicators and their alignment with sustainability and resilience," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 49(5), pages 1536-1555, June.

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