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A study of densified biochar as carbon source in the silicon and ferrosilicon production

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  • Riva, Lorenzo
  • Surup, Gerrit Ralf
  • Buø, Therese Videm
  • Nielsen, Henrik Kofoed

Abstract

Biochar pellets were investigated as renewable reducing agents in substitution of coal and coke in the silicon and ferrosilicon production, where a high reactivity, good mechanical properties and low feedstock costs are appreciated. The usage of pyrolysis oil as binder was investigated as way to improve the quality of the pellets. Norway spruce biochar produced at 500, 800 and 1100 °C, was pelletized blended with pyrolysis oil and lignosulphonate. A second heat treatment was carried out at the same temperatures to evaluate the interaction between biochar and pyrolysis oil and to imitate the thermal stability of the pellets when used in a furnace. Density, tensile strength and mechanical durability were analyzed before and after the second heat treatment. The CO2 reactivity was investigated under non-steady conditions. It was observed that the pellet quality is affected by the pyrolysis temperature, showing a relevant difference in properties between 500 °C and 800 °C. The combination of lignosulphonate and pyrolysis oil improved considerably the density and mechanical durability of the pellets. By the second heat treatment, the quality of the pellets was bettered significantly. Densification seems to reduce CO2 reactivity; however, pellets showed a still high reactivity.

Suggested Citation

  • Riva, Lorenzo & Surup, Gerrit Ralf & Buø, Therese Videm & Nielsen, Henrik Kofoed, 2019. "A study of densified biochar as carbon source in the silicon and ferrosilicon production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 985-996.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:181:y:2019:i:c:p:985-996
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.013
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Surup, Gerrit & Vehus, Tore & Eidem, Per-Anders & Trubetskaya, Anna & Nielsen, Henrik Kofoed, 2019. "Characterization of renewable reductants and charcoal-based pellets for the use in ferroalloy industries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 337-345.
    2. Kang, Kang & Zhu, Mingqiang & Sun, Guotao & Qiu, Ling & Guo, Xiaohui & Meda, Venkatesh & Sun, Runcang, 2018. "Codensification of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver stem with pyrolysis oil and char for solid biofuel: An optimization and characterization study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 347-357.
    3. Kong, Lingjun & Tian, ShuangHong & Li, Zhaohui & Luo, Rongshu & Chen, Dingsheng & Tu, YuTing & Xiong, Ya, 2013. "Conversion of recycled sawdust into high HHV and low NOx emission bio-char pellets using lignin and calcium hydroxide blended binders," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 559-565.
    4. Hu, Qiang & Shao, Jingai & Yang, Haiping & Yao, Dingding & Wang, Xianhua & Chen, Hanping, 2015. "Effects of binders on the properties of bio-char pellets," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 508-516.
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    1. Richard Bergman & Kamalakanta Sahoo & Karl Englund & Seyed Hashem Mousavi-Avval, 2022. "Lifecycle Assessment and Techno-Economic Analysis of Biochar Pellet Production from Forest Residues and Field Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Gerrit Ralf Surup & Hamideh Kaffash & Yan Ma & Anna Trubetskaya & Johan Berg Pettersen & Merete Tangstad, 2022. "Life Cycle Based Climate Emissions of Charcoal Conditioning Routes for the Use in the Ferro-Alloy Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-28, May.
    3. Gul, Eid & Riva, Lorenzo & Nielsen, Henrik Kofoed & Yang, Haiping & Zhou, Hewen & Yang, Qing & Skreiberg, Øyvind & Wang, Liang & Barbanera, Marco & Zampilli, Mauro & Bartocci, Pietro & Fantozzi, Franc, 2021. "Substitution of coke with pelletized biocarbon in the European and Chinese steel industries: An LCA analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    4. Surup, Gerrit Ralf & Leahy, James J. & Timko, Michael T. & Trubetskaya, Anna, 2020. "Hydrothermal carbonization of olive wastes to produce renewable, binder-free pellets for use as metallurgical reducing agents," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 347-357.
    5. Yu-Chiao Lu & Liviu Brabie & Andrey V. Karasev & Chuan Wang, 2022. "Applications of Hydrochar and Charcoal in the Iron and Steelmaking Industry—Part 2: Carburization of Liquid Iron by Addition of Iron–Carbon Briquettes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-20, April.
    6. Surup, Gerrit Ralf & Hunt, Andrew J. & Attard, Thomas & Budarin, Vitaliy L. & Forsberg, Fredrik & Arshadi, Mehrdad & Abdelsayed, Victor & Shekhawat, Dushyant & Trubetskaya, Anna, 2020. "The effect of wood composition and supercritical CO2 extraction on charcoal production in ferroalloy industries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    7. Hamid Gilvari & Wiebren De Jong & Dingena L. Schott, 2020. "The Effect of Biomass Pellet Length, Test Conditions and Torrefaction on Mechanical Durability Characteristics According to ISO Standard 17831-1," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-16, June.
    8. Riva, Lorenzo & Nielsen, Henrik Kofoed & Skreiberg, Øyvind & Wang, Liang & Bartocci, Pietro & Barbanera, Marco & Bidini, Gianni & Fantozzi, Francesco, 2019. "Analysis of optimal temperature, pressure and binder quantity for the production of biocarbon pellet to be used as a substitute for coke," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    9. Surup, Gerrit Ralf & Nielsen, Henrik Kofoed & Großarth, Marius & Deike, Rüdiger & Van den Bulcke, Jan & Kibleur, Pierre & Müller, Michael & Ziegner, Mirko & Yazhenskikh, Elena & Beloshapkin, Sergey & , 2020. "Effect of operating conditions and feedstock composition on the properties of manganese oxide or quartz charcoal pellets for the use in ferroalloy industries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    10. Anatoliy Golovchenko & Roman Dychkovskyi & Yuliya Pazynich & Cáceres Cabana Edgar & Natalia Howaniec & Bartłomiej Jura & Adam Smolinski, 2020. "Some Aspects of the Control for the Radial Distribution of Burden Material and Gas Flow in the Blast Furnace," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-11, February.

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