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Gas diffusion layer development using design of experiments for the optimization of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance

Author

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  • Laoun, Brahim
  • Kasat, Harshal A.
  • Ahmad, Riaz
  • Kannan, Arunachala M.

Abstract

Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) was optimized to maximize the performance of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) using design of experiments (DoE). The fabrication of the GDLs consisted of using a non-woven carbon paper substrate, coated with a mixture (slurry) of Pureblack Carbon (PB), Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber (VGCF) and the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), all dispersed in water containing Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS). The concentration of PB and the PTFE in the slurry was organized through the application of a 22 full factorial design of experiments, with the quantity of PB and the quantity of PTFE as the factors. For each GDLs a Membrane-Electrodes Assemblies (MEA) were fabricated using Catalyst Coated Nafion Membrane CCM, in a single cell PEMFC, then the polarization curve was evaluated using H2/Air as well as H2/O2 at various relative humidity (RH) conditions. In addition, each GDLs were characterized by pore size distribution and contact angle using SEM, Goniometer and Hg Porosimeter. It was found that the optimized GDLs exhibited a power density of 487 mW/cm2 (H2/Air, 70 °C, 70% RH,) and 995 mW/cm2 (H2/O2,70 °C, 100% RH) for the optimum composition of 73% PB and 34% PTFE.

Suggested Citation

  • Laoun, Brahim & Kasat, Harshal A. & Ahmad, Riaz & Kannan, Arunachala M., 2018. "Gas diffusion layer development using design of experiments for the optimization of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 689-695.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:151:y:2018:i:c:p:689-695
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.096
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Iván E. Villalón-Turrubiates & Rogelio López-Herrera & Jorge L. García-Alcaraz & José R. Díaz-Reza & Arturo Soto-Cabral & Iván González-Lazalde & Gerardo Grijalva-Avila & José L. Rodríguez-Álvarez, 2022. "A Non-Invasive Method to Evaluate Fuzzy Process Capability Indices via Coupled Applications of Artificial Neural Networks and the Placket–Burman DOE," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(16), pages 1-27, August.
    5. Kim, Jaeyeon & Kim, Hyeok & Song, Hyeonjun & Kim, Dasol & Kim, Geon Hwi & Im, Dasom & Jeong, Youngjin & Park, Taehyun, 2021. "Carbon nanotube sheet as a microporous layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    6. Pourrahmani, Hossein & Van herle, Jan, 2022. "Water management of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Optimizing the effect of microstructural properties on the gas diffusion layer liquid removal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    7. Liu, Huize & Hu, Zunyan & Li, Jianqiu & Xu, Liangfei & Shao, Yangbin & Ouyang, Minggao, 2023. "Investigation on the optimal GDL thickness design for PEMFCs considering channel/rib geometry matching and operating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    8. Yuan, Xian Ming & Guo, Hang & Liu, Jia Xing & Ye, Fang & Ma, Chong Fang, 2018. "Influence of operation parameters on mode switching from electrolysis cell mode to fuel cell mode in a unitized regenerative fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1041-1051.
    9. Lin, Rui & Wang, Hong & Zhu, Yu, 2021. "Optimizing the structural design of cathode catalyst layer for PEM fuel cells for improving mass-specific power density," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    10. Lin, Rui & Tang, Shenghao & Diao, Xiaoyu & Zhong, Di & Chen, Liang & Froning, Dieter & Hao, Zhixian, 2020. "Detailed optimization of multiwall carbon nanotubes doped microporous layer in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells for enhanced performance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    11. Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali & Sayed, Enas Taha & Nakagawa, Nobuyoshi, 2020. "Significance of diffusion layers on the performance of liquid and vapor feed passive direct methanol fuel cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    12. Yang, Zirong & Du, Qing & Jia, Zhiwei & Yang, Chunguang & Jiao, Kui, 2019. "Effects of operating conditions on water and heat management by a transient multi-dimensional PEMFC system model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 462-476.
    13. Alipour Moghaddam, Jafar & Parnian, Mohammad Javad & Rowshanzamir, Soosan, 2018. "Preparation, characterization, and electrochemical properties investigation of recycled proton exchange membrane for fuel cell applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 699-709.

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