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Life cycle assessment of high capacity molybdenum disulfide lithium-ion battery for electric vehicles

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  • Deng, Yelin
  • Li, Jianyang
  • Li, Tonghui
  • Zhang, Jingyi
  • Yang, Fan
  • Yuan, Chris

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) on a potential next-generation lithium ion battery (LIB) with molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) anode and Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese oxide (NMC) cathode. The NMC-MoS2 battery is configured with 49.4 kWh capacity enabling a 320 km driving range for a mid-sized EV. In this study, the MoS2 anode synthesis is modeled based on our lab-scale experimentation and the battery design is based on the electrochemical parameters obtained from our lab results. The life cycle impact assessment is conducted using the ReCiPe method. The freshwater ecotoxicity impact is assessed through the modified USEtox™ method, based on the characterization factor of the CNT (carbon nanotubes) is derived. The obtained impact results of the NMC-MoS2 battery are benchmarked with those of a conventional NMC-Graphite battery under the same driving distance per charge. The results show that the NMC-MoS2 battery has higher environmental impacts in most impact categories compared to a conventional NMC-Graphite battery. Impacts on global warming potential and fossil depletion potential are 6%–7% higher while impacts in freshwater ecotoxicity, freshwater eutrophication, human toxicity, marine toxicity, marine eutrophication and terrestrial ecotoxicity are 141%–271% higher. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the robustness and reliability of the LCA results.

Suggested Citation

  • Deng, Yelin & Li, Jianyang & Li, Tonghui & Zhang, Jingyi & Yang, Fan & Yuan, Chris, 2017. "Life cycle assessment of high capacity molybdenum disulfide lithium-ion battery for electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 77-88.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:123:y:2017:i:c:p:77-88
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.096
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    3. Wang, Mingyue & Huang, Ying & Wang, Ke & Zhu, Yade & Zhang, Na & Zhang, Hongming & Li, Suping & Feng, Zhenhe, 2018. "PVD synthesis of binder-free silicon and carbon coated 3D α-Fe2O3 nanorods hybrid films as high-capacity and long-life anode for flexible lithium-ion batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1021-1029.
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    5. Christos S. Ioakimidis & Alberto Murillo-Marrodán & Ali Bagheri & Dimitrios Thomas & Konstantinos N. Genikomsakis, 2019. "Life Cycle Assessment of a Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) Electric Vehicle Battery in Second Life Application Scenarios," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-14, May.
    6. Yunfeng Jiang & Louis J. Shrinkle & Raymond A. de Callafon, 2019. "Autonomous Demand-Side Current Scheduling of Parallel Buck Regulated Battery Modules," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-20, May.
    7. Deidre Wolff & Lluc Canals Casals & Gabriela Benveniste & Cristina Corchero & Lluís Trilla, 2019. "The Effects of Lithium Sulfur Battery Ageing on Second-Life Possibilities and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment Studies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-19, June.
    8. Alexander Barke & Walter Cistjakov & Dominik Steckermeier & Christian Thies & Jan‐Linus Popien & Peter Michalowski & Sofia Pinheiro Melo & Felipe Cerdas & Christoph Herrmann & Ulrike Krewer & Arno Kwa, 2023. "Green batteries for clean skies: Sustainability assessment of lithium‐sulfur all‐solid‐state batteries for electric aircraft," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 27(3), pages 795-810, June.
    9. Chen, Quanwei & Lai, Xin & Chen, Junjie & Huang, Yunfeng & Guo, Yi & Wang, Yanan & Han, Xuebing & Lu, Languang & Sun, Yuedong & Ouyang, Minggao & Zheng, Yuejiu, 2024. "A critical comparison of LCA calculation models for the power lithium-ion battery in electric vehicles during use-phase," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    10. Maryori C. Díaz-Ramírez & Victor J. Ferreira & Tatiana García-Armingol & Ana M. López-Sabirón & Germán Ferreira, 2020. "Battery Manufacturing Resource Assessment to Minimise Component Production Environmental Impacts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-20, August.
    11. Xingxing Wang & Peilin Ye & Shengren Liu & Yu Zhu & Yelin Deng & Yinnan Yuan & Hongjun Ni, 2023. "Research Progress of Battery Life Prediction Methods Based on Physical Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-20, April.
    12. Paul, Debashri & Pechancová, Viera & Saha, Nabanita & Pavelková, Drahomíra & Saha, Nibedita & Motiei, Marjan & Jamatia, Thaiskang & Chaudhuri, Mainak & Ivanichenko, Anna & Venher, Mariana & Hrbáčková,, 2024. "Life cycle assessment of lithium-based batteries: Review of sustainability dimensions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    13. Federico Rossi & Maria Laura Parisi & Sarah Greven & Riccardo Basosi & Adalgisa Sinicropi, 2020. "Life Cycle Assessment of Classic and Innovative Batteries for Solar Home Systems in Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-27, July.
    14. Song, Ziyou & Zhang, Xiaobin & Li, Jianqiu & Hofmann, Heath & Ouyang, Minggao & Du, Jiuyu, 2018. "Component sizing optimization of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles with the hybrid energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 393-403.
    15. Song, Ziyou & Hou, Jun & Xu, Shaobing & Ouyang, Minggao & Li, Jianqiu, 2017. "The influence of driving cycle characteristics on the integrated optimization of hybrid energy storage system for electric city buses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 91-100.

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