Jamming transition in car-following model with electronic throttles incorporating continuous memory capabilities to mitigate cyber-attacks within a connected vehicles environment

To address the issue of information security, we introduce a novel car-following model with electronic throttle functionalities that integrates continuous memory to mitigate cyber-attacks within a context of connected vehicles. This model is analyzed in two scenarios including suddenly stopping once and four times of the leading car at following two cases: Case 1, where connected vehicles operate normally with delayed feedback in the absence of cyber-attacks; and Case 2, where compensation information incorporating continuous memory is activated to mitigate the adverse effects of cyber-attacks on connected vehicles. Additionally, we explore the impact of cyber-attacks on traffic stability through control theory, determining the appropriate parameter ranges. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model effectively counteracts traffic degradation in environments subject to cyber-attacks.