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Higher education reform in China: A comprehensive review of policymaking, implementation, and outcomes since 1978

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  • Xiong, Weiyan
  • Yang, Jiale
  • Shen, Wenqin

Abstract

This article comprehensively reviews the higher education policymaking and implementation in China since the reform and opening up in 1978. With the presented statistical data, this article discusses the intended and unintended consequences of China's higher education reform. In addition, by critically reviewing the literature and analyzing the data on China's higher education reform, this study concludes its outcomes into decentralization, stratification, massification, marketization, and internationalization.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiong, Weiyan & Yang, Jiale & Shen, Wenqin, 2022. "Higher education reform in China: A comprehensive review of policymaking, implementation, and outcomes since 1978," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chieco:v:72:y:2022:i:c:s1043951x22000104
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chieco.2022.101752
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Yujun Jiang & Ping Wang & Qiang Li & Yingji Li, 2022. "Students’ Intention toward Self-Regulated Learning under Blended Learning Setting: PLS-SEM Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Wang, Fuhao & Lou, Runchi & Wang, Keying, 2023. "How does green finance drive the decarbonization of the economy? Empirical evidence from China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 671-684.
    5. Chang Xu & Futao Xiang & Ruiqi Duan & Cristina Miralles-Cardona & Xinxin Huo & Junwei Xu, 2023. "An Analysis of Factors Influencing Chinese University Students’ Major Choice from the Perspective of Gender Differences," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-13, September.
    6. Hasnain Raza & Anwar Ali & Nazia Rafiq & Liu Xing & Tahseen Asif & Chengjie Jing, 2023. "Comparison of Higher Education in Pakistan and China: A Sustainable Development in Student’s Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-21, February.
    7. Du, Yan & Yan, Jie & Cao, Fangzhou & Li, Yifei & Zhou, Mao, 2023. "Higher education expansion and domestic value added in exports: Theory and evidence from China," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).

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