IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v390y2025ics0306261925005720.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Recent developments, challenges, and future scenarios in PV Array reconfiguration for mitigating partial shading

Author

Listed:
  • Ahmad, Mohd Faraz
  • Arif, M. Saad Bin
  • Jalil, Mohd Faisal
  • Rizvi, Masood
  • Bansal, R.C.

Abstract

Partial shading significantly reduces the performance of Photovoltaic systems, leading to hotspots and mismatch losses. One effective approach to minimize the negative impact of partial shading in PV systems is the PV array reconfiguration technique. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art developments in PV array reconfiguration techniques designed to address the problem of partial shading. The selected reconfiguration techniques are thoroughly discussed and categorized into two groups: Static and Dynamic, which are further divided into nine distinct subcategories. In addition to providing a detailed description of these techniques, a comparison is performed based on array size, algorithm complexity, response speed, outperforming methods, advantages, disadvantages, implementation cost, and applications range to help researchers and engineers choose the most suitable reconfiguration techniques for their specific applications. The study also discussed the implementation challenges and provided recommendations for further research direction.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmad, Mohd Faraz & Arif, M. Saad Bin & Jalil, Mohd Faisal & Rizvi, Masood & Bansal, R.C., 2025. "Recent developments, challenges, and future scenarios in PV Array reconfiguration for mitigating partial shading," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 390(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:390:y:2025:i:c:s0306261925005720
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125842
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261925005720
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125842?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sai Krishna, G. & Moger, Tukaram, 2019. "Improved SuDoKu reconfiguration technique for total-cross-tied PV array to enhance maximum power under partial shading conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 333-348.
    2. Aljafari, Belqasem & Satpathy, Priya Ranjan & Thanikanti, Sudhakar Babu, 2022. "Partial shading mitigation in PV arrays through dragonfly algorithm based dynamic reconfiguration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    3. Deshkar, Shubhankar Niranjan & Dhale, Sumedh Bhaskar & Mukherjee, Jishnu Shekar & Babu, T. Sudhakar & Rajasekar, N., 2015. "Solar PV array reconfiguration under partial shading conditions for maximum power extraction using genetic algorithm," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 102-110.
    4. Mohd Faraz Ahmad & M. Saad Bin Arif & Uvais Mustafa & Mohamed Abdelrahem & Jose Rodriguez & Shahrin Md. Ayob, 2024. "An Improved Single-Phase Multiple DC Source Inverter Topology for Distributed Energy System Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-16, April.
    5. Satpathy, Priya Ranjan & Sharma, Renu & Dash, Sambit, 2019. "An efficient SD-PAR technique for maximum power generation from modules of partially shaded PV arrays," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 182-194.
    6. Tabanjat, Abdulkader & Becherif, Mohamed & Hissel, Daniel, 2015. "Reconfiguration solution for shaded PV panels using switching control," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 4-13.
    7. Meerimatha, G. & Rao, B. Loveswara, 2020. "Novel reconfiguration approach to reduce line losses of the photovoltaic array under various shading conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    8. Wang, Yaw-Juen & Hsu, Po-Chun, 2011. "An investigation on partial shading of PV modules with different connection configurations of PV cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 3069-3078.
    9. Malathy, S. & Ramaprabha, R., 2015. "Comprehensive analysis on the role of array size and configuration on energy yield of photovoltaic systems under shaded conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 672-679.
    10. Potnuru, Srinivasa Rao & Pattabiraman, Dinesh & Ganesan, Saravana Ilango & Chilakapati, Nagamani, 2015. "Positioning of PV panels for reduction in line losses and mismatch losses in PV array," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 264-275.
    11. Yadav, Vinod Kumar & Behera, Anwesh Devratna & Singh, Ranjeet & Maheshwari, Anubhav & Ghosh, Santosh & Prakash, Abhijeet, 2023. "A novel PV array reconfiguration technique based on circular array data structure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    12. Abdulaziz Almutairi & Ahmed G. Abo-Khalil & Khairy Sayed & Naif Albagami, 2020. "MPPT for a PV Grid-Connected System to Improve Efficiency under Partial Shading Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-18, December.
    13. Malathy, S. & Ramaprabha, R., 2018. "Reconfiguration strategies to extract maximum power from photovoltaic array under partially shaded conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2922-2934.
    14. Fang, Xiaolun & Yang, Qiang, 2024. "Dynamic reconfiguration of photovoltaic array for minimizing mismatch loss," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    15. Waqar Akram, M. & Li, Guiqiang & Jin, Yi & Chen, Xiao, 2022. "Failures of Photovoltaic modules and their Detection: A Review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    16. Nghitevelekwa, K. & Bansal, R.C., 2018. "A review of generation dispatch with large-scale photovoltaic systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 615-624.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhang, Xiaoshun & Meng, Die & Cai, Jiahui & Zhang, Guiyuan & Yu, Tao & Pan, Feng & Yang, Yuyao, 2023. "A swarm based double Q-learning for optimal PV array reconfiguration with a coordinated control of hydrogen energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    2. Shrivastava, Manish & Singh, Ashok Kumar & Gautam, Desh Deepak, 2025. "Critical observation on partially shaded PV modules and effects on sustainable applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    3. Ranjbaran, Parisa & Yousefi, Hossein & Gharehpetian, G.B. & Astaraei, Fatemeh Razi, 2019. "A review on floating photovoltaic (FPV) power generation units," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 332-347.
    4. Yadav, Anurag Singh & Mukherjee, V., 2021. "Conventional and advanced PV array configurations to extract maximum power under partial shading conditions: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 977-1005.
    5. Pillai, Dhanup S. & Ram, J. Prasanth & Shabunko, Veronika & Kim, Young-Jin, 2021. "A new shade dispersion technique compatible for symmetrical and unsymmetrical photovoltaic (PV) arrays," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    6. Manoharan Premkumar & Umashankar Subramaniam & Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu & Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan & Lucian Mihet-Popa, 2020. "Evaluation of Mathematical Model to Characterize the Performance of Conventional and Hybrid PV Array Topologies under Static and Dynamic Shading Patterns," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-37, June.
    7. K.T., Swetha & Reddy, B. Venugopal, 2024. "An effective dual-objective optimization to enhance power generation in a two-stage grid-tied PV system under partial shading conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    8. Astitva Kumar & Mohammad Rizwan & Uma Nangia & Muhannad Alaraj, 2021. "Grey Wolf Optimizer-Based Array Reconfiguration to Enhance Power Production from Solar Photovoltaic Plants under Different Scenarios," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-18, December.
    9. Ahmed Al Mansur & Md. Ruhul Amin & Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu & Md. Imamul Islam & Ratil H. Ashique & Zubaeer Bin Shams & Mohammad Asif ul Haq & Md. Hasan Maruf & ASM Shihavuddin, 2023. "The Effects of Non-Uniformly-Aged Photovoltaic Array on Mismatch Power Loss: A Practical Investigation towards Novel Hybrid Array Configurations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-17, September.
    10. Sai Krishna, G. & Moger, Tukaram, 2021. "A novel adaptive dynamic photovoltaic reconfiguration system to mitigate mismatch effects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    11. Khaled Osmani & Ahmad Haddad & Mohammad Alkhedher & Thierry Lemenand & Bruno Castanier & Mohamad Ramadan, 2023. "A Novel MPPT-Based Lithium-Ion Battery Solar Charger for Operation under Fluctuating Irradiance Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-31, June.
    12. Belhaouas, N. & Cheikh, M.-S. Ait & Agathoklis, P. & Oularbi, M.-R. & Amrouche, B. & Sedraoui, K. & Djilali, N., 2017. "PV array power output maximization under partial shading using new shifted PV array arrangements," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 326-337.
    13. Aljafari, Belqasem & Satpathy, Priya Ranjan & Thanikanti, Sudhakar Babu, 2022. "Partial shading mitigation in PV arrays through dragonfly algorithm based dynamic reconfiguration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    14. Mehedi, I.M. & Salam, Z. & Ramli, M.Z. & Chin, V.J. & Bassi, H. & Rawa, M.J.H. & Abdullah, M.P., 2021. "Critical evaluation and review of partial shading mitigation methods for grid-connected PV system using hardware solutions: The module-level and array-level approaches," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    15. Bana, Sangram & Saini, R.P., 2017. "Experimental investigation on power output of different photovoltaic array configurations under uniform and partial shading scenarios," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 438-453.
    16. Yadav, Vinod Kumar & Behera, Anwesh Devratna & Singh, Ranjeet & Maheshwari, Anubhav & Ghosh, Santosh & Prakash, Abhijeet, 2023. "A novel PV array reconfiguration technique based on circular array data structure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    17. Giuseppe Schettino & Filippo Pellitteri & Guido Ala & Rosario Miceli & Pietro Romano & Fabio Viola, 2020. "Dynamic Reconfiguration Systems for PV Plant: Technical and Economic Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-21, April.
    18. Satpathy, Priya Ranjan & Sharma, Renu & Jena, Sasmita, 2017. "A shade dispersion interconnection scheme for partially shaded modules in a solar PV array network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 350-365.
    19. Yadav, Anurag Singh & Mukherjee, V., 2022. "Comprehensive investigation of various bypass diode associations for killer-SuDoKu PV array under several shading conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
    20. Krishna, G.Sai & Moger, Tukaram, 2019. "Enhancement of maximum power output through reconfiguration techniques under non-uniform irradiance conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:390:y:2025:i:c:s0306261925005720. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.