IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v332y2023ics0306261922017408.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Data-driven simulation-based planning for electric airport shuttle systems: A real-world case study

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Zhaocai
  • Wang, Qichao
  • Sigler, Devon
  • Kotz, Andrew
  • Kelly, Kenneth J.
  • Lunacek, Monte
  • Phillips, Caleb
  • Garikapati, Venu

Abstract

Many airports are adopting battery electric buses in their shuttle fleets due to concerns over air quality and regulations. This study proposes a simulation-based optimization modeling framework to help airport shuttle operators effectively deploy electric buses. We evaluated a planned airport electric shuttle system with an event-driven simulator. Empirical data collected from existing systems were used to drive the simulations. We then proposed a simulation-based optimization model to determine the battery capacity, charging power, and number of chargers so that predefined objective(s) (e.g., minimizing total capital cost, minimizing emissions) are optimized. Compared to existing studies, the primary contribution of the proposed method is that it can model the real-world stochastic nature of operations in an electric bus system with much higher fidelity. To demonstrate the proposed modeling framework, we study a real-world shuttle system at the Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, and present extensive numerical studies. When considering partial fleet electrification, the model can provide a set of Pareto optimal solutions. When considering full fleet electrification, the optimal solution requires a 50-kWh battery capacity and four 210-kW chargers, resulting in a total capital cost of $26,744,000. The results demonstrate that the proposed modeling framework can effectively optimize the planning of electric airport shuttle systems with partial or full fleet electrification.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Zhaocai & Wang, Qichao & Sigler, Devon & Kotz, Andrew & Kelly, Kenneth J. & Lunacek, Monte & Phillips, Caleb & Garikapati, Venu, 2023. "Data-driven simulation-based planning for electric airport shuttle systems: A real-world case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 332(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:332:y:2023:i:c:s0306261922017408
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120483
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261922017408
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120483?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bi, Zicheng & Song, Lingjun & De Kleine, Robert & Mi, Chunting Chris & Keoleian, Gregory A., 2015. "Plug-in vs. wireless charging: Life cycle energy and greenhouse gas emissions for an electric bus system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 11-19.
    2. Burd, Joshua Thomas Jameson & Moore, Elizabeth A. & Ezzat, Hesham & Kirchain, Randolph & Roth, Richard, 2021. "Improvements in electric vehicle battery technology influence vehicle lightweighting and material substitution decisions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    3. Ding, Huajie & Hu, Zechun & Song, Yonghua, 2015. "Value of the energy storage system in an electric bus fast charging station," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 630-639.
    4. Joris Baars & Teresa Domenech & Raimund Bleischwitz & Hans Eric Melin & Oliver Heidrich, 2021. "Circular economy strategies for electric vehicle batteries reduce reliance on raw materials," Nature Sustainability, Nature, vol. 4(1), pages 71-79, January.
    5. Sigler, Devon & Wang, Qichao & Liu, Zhaocai & Garikapati, Venu & Kotz, Andrew & Kelly, Kenneth J. & Lunacek, Monte & Phillips, Caleb, 2021. "Route optimization for energy efficient airport shuttle operations – A case study from Dallas Fort worth International Airport," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    6. Barry L. Nelson, 2013. "Foundations and Methods of Stochastic Simulation," International Series in Operations Research and Management Science, Springer, edition 127, number 978-1-4614-6160-9, April.
    7. Eltoumi, Fouad M. & Becherif, Mohamed & Djerdir, Abdesslem & Ramadan, Haitham.S., 2021. "The key issues of electric vehicle charging via hybrid power sources: Techno-economic viability, analysis, and recommendations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    8. Bi, Zicheng & Kan, Tianze & Mi, Chunting Chris & Zhang, Yiming & Zhao, Zhengming & Keoleian, Gregory A., 2016. "A review of wireless power transfer for electric vehicles: Prospects to enhance sustainable mobility," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 413-425.
    9. Rogge, Matthias & van der Hurk, Evelien & Larsen, Allan & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2018. "Electric bus fleet size and mix problem with optimization of charging infrastructure," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 282-295.
    10. Stefan Helber & Justine Broihan & Young Jae Jang & Peter Hecker & Thomas Feuerle, 2018. "Location Planning for Dynamic Wireless Charging Systems for Electric Airport Passenger Buses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-16, January.
    11. Neil Quarles & Kara M. Kockelman & Moataz Mohamed, 2020. "Costs and Benefits of Electrifying and Automating Bus Transit Fleets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-15, May.
    12. Li, Yi & Liu, Kailong & Foley, Aoife M. & Zülke, Alana & Berecibar, Maitane & Nanini-Maury, Elise & Van Mierlo, Joeri & Hoster, Harry E., 2019. "Data-driven health estimation and lifetime prediction of lithium-ion batteries: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1-1.
    13. Alwesabi, Yaseen & Avishan, Farzad & Yanıkoğlu, İhsan & Liu, Zhaocai & Wang, Yong, 2022. "Robust strategic planning of dynamic wireless charging infrastructure for electric buses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    14. Bi, Zicheng & Keoleian, Gregory A. & Ersal, Tulga, 2018. "Wireless charger deployment for an electric bus network: A multi-objective life cycle optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 1090-1101.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kayhan Alamatsaz & Frédéric Quesnel & Ursula Eicker, 2024. "Enhancing Electric Shuttle Bus Efficiency: A Case Study on Timetabling and Scheduling Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-26, June.
    2. He, Ping & Jin, Jian Gang & Schulte, Frederik, 2024. "The flexible airport bus and last-mile ride-sharing problem: Math-heuristic and metaheuristic approaches," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    3. He, Yi & Liu, Zhaocai & Zhang, Yiming & Song, Ziqi, 2023. "Time-dependent electric bus and charging station deployment problem," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yuping Lin & Kai Zhang & Zuo-Jun Max Shen & Lixin Miao, 2019. "Charging Network Planning for Electric Bus Cities: A Case Study of Shenzhen, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-27, August.
    2. Foda, Ahmed & Abdelaty, Hatem & Mohamed, Moataz & El-Saadany, Ehab, 2023. "A generic cost-utility-emission optimization for electric bus transit infrastructure planning and charging scheduling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    3. Foda, Ahmed & Mohamed, Moataz, 2024. "The impacts of optimization approaches on BEB system configuration in transit," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 12-23.
    4. Shi, Jie & Gao, H. Oliver, 2022. "Efficient energy management of wireless charging roads with energy storage for coupled transportation–power systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    5. Boud Verbrugge & Mohammed Mahedi Hasan & Haaris Rasool & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2021. "Smart Integration of Electric Buses in Cities: A Technological Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-23, November.
    6. Zhou, Yu & Wang, Hua & Wang, Yun & Yu, Bin & Tang, Tianpei, 2024. "Charging facility planning and scheduling problems for battery electric bus systems: A comprehensive review," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    7. Hatem Abdelaty & Ahmed Foda & Moataz Mohamed, 2023. "The Robustness of Battery Electric Bus Transit Networks under Charging Infrastructure Disruptions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-25, February.
    8. Alwesabi, Yaseen & Avishan, Farzad & Yanıkoğlu, İhsan & Liu, Zhaocai & Wang, Yong, 2022. "Robust strategic planning of dynamic wireless charging infrastructure for electric buses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    9. Harris, Andrew & Soban, Danielle & Smyth, Beatrice M. & Best, Robert, 2020. "A probabilistic fleet analysis for energy consumption, life cycle cost and greenhouse gas emissions modelling of bus technologies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    10. Niu, Songyan & Yu, Hang & Niu, Shuangxia & Jian, Linni, 2020. "Power loss analysis and thermal assessment on wireless electric vehicle charging technology: The over-temperature risk of ground assembly needs attention," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    11. Kayhan Alamatsaz & Sadam Hussain & Chunyan Lai & Ursula Eicker, 2022. "Electric Bus Scheduling and Timetabling, Fast Charging Infrastructure Planning, and Their Impact on the Grid: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-39, October.
    12. Gang Chen & Dawei Hu & Steven Chien & Lei Guo & Mingzheng Liu, 2020. "Optimizing Wireless Charging Locations for Battery Electric Bus Transit with a Genetic Algorithm," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-20, October.
    13. Amjad, Muhammad & Farooq-i-Azam, Muhammad & Ni, Qiang & Dong, Mianxiong & Ansari, Ejaz Ahmad, 2022. "Wireless charging systems for electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    14. Ji, Jinhua & Wang, Linhong & Yang, Menglin & Bie, Yiming & Hao, Mingjie, 2024. "Optimal deployment of dynamic wireless charging facilities for electric bus route considering stochastic travel times," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    15. Alwesabi, Yaseen & Liu, Zhaocai & Kwon, Soongeol & Wang, Yong, 2021. "A novel integration of scheduling and dynamic wireless charging planning models of battery electric buses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    16. Frechter, Yotam & Kuperman, Alon, 2020. "Analysis and design of inductive wireless power transfer link for feedback-less power delivery to enclosed compartment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    17. Rubino, Luigi & Capasso, Clemente & Veneri, Ottorino, 2017. "Review on plug-in electric vehicle charging architectures integrated with distributed energy sources for sustainable mobility," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 438-464.
    18. Purnell, K. & Bruce, A.G. & MacGill, I., 2022. "Impacts of electrifying public transit on the electricity grid, from regional to state level analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    19. López-Ibarra, Jon Ander & Gaztañaga, Haizea & Saez-de-Ibarra, Andoni & Camblong, Haritza, 2020. "Plug-in hybrid electric buses total cost of ownership optimization at fleet level based on battery aging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    20. Zeng, Ziling & Wang, Tingsong & Qu, Xiaobo, 2024. "En-route charge scheduling for an electric bus network: Stochasticity and real-world practice," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:332:y:2023:i:c:s0306261922017408. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.