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A novel integration of scheduling and dynamic wireless charging planning models of battery electric buses

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  • Alwesabi, Yaseen
  • Liu, Zhaocai
  • Kwon, Soongeol
  • Wang, Yong

Abstract

The development of electromobility along with recent dynamic wireless power transfer technology offers the potential to improve the carbon footprint of public transportation while offering quality services. Existing models for electric bus scheduling cannot adequately capture the dependence among electric bus (EB) battery size, dynamic wireless charging (DWC) infrastructure planning, and fleet size. This study aims to simultaneously optimize the integrated model of EB fleet size and DWC infrastructure planning based on a real-world case study. We have developed a novel Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model to find the optimal EB fleet size, battery capacity, location of transmitters, number of inverters, and total cable length, which adheres to the battery charging restrictions. We conduct a sensitivity analysis to understand the system behavior in response to system robustness, fleet size, battery cost, cable cost, and bus purchase cost. The results show that seven homogeneous EBs carrying a uniform battery size of 18.1 kWh can serve all bus routes with a total cost of $3,683,235 that includes bus purchase cost. The results show that consideration of bus purchase costs in the model can save 4.1% of the total system cost over a lifetime.

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  • Alwesabi, Yaseen & Liu, Zhaocai & Kwon, Soongeol & Wang, Yong, 2021. "A novel integration of scheduling and dynamic wireless charging planning models of battery electric buses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:230:y:2021:i:c:s0360544221010549
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120806
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    4. Bálint Csonka, 2021. "Optimization of Static and Dynamic Charging Infrastructure for Electric Buses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-18, June.
    5. Foda, Ahmed & Abdelaty, Hatem & Mohamed, Moataz & El-Saadany, Ehab, 2023. "A generic cost-utility-emission optimization for electric bus transit infrastructure planning and charging scheduling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    6. Kayhan Alamatsaz & Sadam Hussain & Chunyan Lai & Ursula Eicker, 2022. "Electric Bus Scheduling and Timetabling, Fast Charging Infrastructure Planning, and Their Impact on the Grid: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-39, October.
    7. Liu, Wei & Chau, K.T. & Tian, Xiaoyang & Wang, Hui & Hua, Zhichao, 2023. "Smart wireless power transfer — opportunities and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    8. He, Yi & Liu, Zhaocai & Zhang, Yiming & Song, Ziqi, 2023. "Time-dependent electric bus and charging station deployment problem," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    9. Lim, Lek Keng & Muis, Zarina Ab & Ho, Wai Shin & Hashim, Haslenda & Bong, Cassendra Phun Chien, 2023. "Review of the energy forecasting and scheduling model for electric buses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    10. Alwesabi, Yaseen & Avishan, Farzad & Yanıkoğlu, İhsan & Liu, Zhaocai & Wang, Yong, 2022. "Robust strategic planning of dynamic wireless charging infrastructure for electric buses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    11. Tan, Zhen & Liu, Fan & Chan, Hing Kai & Gao, H. Oliver, 2022. "Transportation systems management considering dynamic wireless charging electric vehicles: Review and prospects," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    12. Manzolli, Jônatas Augusto & Trovão, João Pedro F. & Henggeler Antunes, Carlos, 2022. "Electric bus coordinated charging strategy considering V2G and battery degradation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PA).
    13. Khaleghikarahrodi, Mehrsa & Macht, Gretchen A., 2023. "Patterns, no patterns, that is the question: Quantifying users’ electric vehicle charging," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 291-304.
    14. Feifeng Zheng & Zhaojie Wang & Ming Liu, 2022. "Overnight charging scheduling of battery electric buses with uncertain charging time," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 22(5), pages 4865-4903, November.
    15. Arkadiusz Małek & Jacek Caban & Agnieszka Dudziak & Andrzej Marciniak & Piotr Ignaciuk, 2023. "A Method of Assessing the Selection of Carport Power for an Electric Vehicle Using the Metalog Probability Distribution Family," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-16, June.

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