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Distribution system restoration after extreme events considering distributed generators and static energy storage systems with mobile energy storage systems dispatch in transportation systems

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  • Ghasemi, Sasan
  • Moshtagh, Jamal

Abstract

After extreme events and major outages in the distribution system (DS), restoring the de-energized loads becomes the priority of network operators. In such conditions, static energy storage systems (SESSs) and mobile energy storage systems (MESSs) are critical resources for DS outage management to fast restoration of the network. Finding the de-energized islands and associated loads, investigate the optimal load pickup sequence along optimal dispatch of energy storage systems (ESSs) are the main challenges of network outage management in outage duration. Motivated by these challenges, this paper presents a new load restoration strategy by black start distributed generators and non-black start distributed generators and enhances black start service considering static/mobile energy storage systems, and interdependency between transportation and power grids. To this end, a new method is presented, which indicates the formed de-energized islands and their loads after fault occurrence in the network. This method also can check the radiality constraint of the network. In addition, in this paper, a new algorithm is presented that evaluated the best load pickup sequence by considering the priorities of the loads. Various case studies and scenarios are carried out in an IEEE 123-bus distribution system considering the different numbers of faulted lines, damaged roads MESSs and SESSs. Simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed restoration strategy.

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  • Ghasemi, Sasan & Moshtagh, Jamal, 2022. "Distribution system restoration after extreme events considering distributed generators and static energy storage systems with mobile energy storage systems dispatch in transportation systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:310:y:2022:i:c:s0306261921017220
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118507
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ren, Yi & Fan, Dongming & Feng, Qiang & Wang, Zili & Sun, Bo & Yang, Dezhen, 2019. "Agent-based restoration approach for reliability with load balancing on smart grids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C), pages 46-57.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Zhang, Dongdong & Li, Chunjiao & Goh, Hui Hwang & Ahmad, Tanveer & Zhu, Hongyu & Liu, Hui & Wu, Thomas, 2022. "A comprehensive overview of modeling approaches and optimal control strategies for cyber-physical resilience in power systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 1383-1406.
    3. Xiao, Jun & Li, Chengjin & She, Buxin & Jiao, Heng & Wang, Chuanqi & Zhang, Shihao, 2024. "Distribution system security region with energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    4. Souto, Laiz & Parisio, Alessandra & Taylor, Philip C., 2024. "MPC-based framework incorporating pre-disaster and post-disaster actions and transportation network constraints for weather-resilient power distribution networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 362(C).
    5. Zhang, Lu & Yu, Shunjiang & Zhang, Bo & Li, Gen & Cai, Yongxiang & Tang, Wei, 2023. "Outage management of hybrid AC/DC distribution systems: Co-optimize service restoration with repair crew and mobile energy storage system dispatch," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    6. Zhuoxin Lu & Xiaoyuan Xu & Zheng Yan & Dong Han & Shiwei Xia, 2024. "Mobile Energy-Storage Technology in Power Grid: A Review of Models and Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-19, August.
    7. Wang, Dawei & Guo, Jingwei & Zhang, Yongxiang & Zhong, Qingwei & Xu, Hongke, 2025. "Optimizing expressway battery electric vehicle charging and mobile storage energy truck scheduling: A two-stage approach to improve photovoltaic generation utilization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 320(C).
    8. Zhong, Jian & Chen, Chen & Zhang, Haochen & Shen, Wentao & Fan, Zhong & Qiu, Dawei & Bie, Zhaohong, 2025. "Resilient mobile energy storage resources-based microgrid formation considering power-transportation-information network interdependencies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 389(C).
    9. Sadeghi, M. & Kalantar, M., 2023. "Fully decentralized multi-agent coordination scheme in smart distribution restoration: Multilevel consensus," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    10. Lin, Yumian & Xiong, Houbo & Zhou, Yue & Wang, Tianjing & Lin, Yujie & Guo, Chuangxin, 2025. "Distributionally robust service restoration for integrated electricity-heating systems considering secondary strikes of subsequent random events," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 380(C).

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