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Optimized design of a distributed photovoltaic system in a building with phase change materials

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  • Sun, Xiaoqin
  • Lin, Yian
  • Zhu, Ziyang
  • Li, Jie

Abstract

Building decarbonization is one of the most important ways to stop or reverse climate change. Phase change materials (PCMs) were embedded into a building wall to reduce air conditioning energy consumption and related carbon emissions in this article. Moreover, a distributed photovoltaic (PV) system was designed to provide electricity for the building. The thermal and electrical performance of the building with four different amounts of PCMs and a PV system was simulated and compared with a building using PV system only. To validate the simulated results, an experimental apparatus for buildings with PCMs and a PV system was designed and constructed. Results show that the peak demand load is reduced by maximum of 47% using 5.2 vol% PCMs and shifted by one hour in summer. However, the demand load is 1.3% higher during daytime in winter. Three different optimizations were conducted with the aim of highest building self-balance and PV self-consumption as well as minimum interactions between buildings and grid. The economic benefits for the building with PCMs are higher because of the reduction of peak demand load. However, the payback period is 0.5 year longer for the building with PCMs than the reference building. The carbon emissions are reduced by 11.58 kg more using 5.2 vol% PCMs in a building with an area of 6.25 m2, compared to the reference building.

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  • Sun, Xiaoqin & Lin, Yian & Zhu, Ziyang & Li, Jie, 2022. "Optimized design of a distributed photovoltaic system in a building with phase change materials," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PA).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:306:y:2022:i:pa:s0306261921013118
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118010
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    2. Zheng, Nan & Zhang, Hanfei & Duan, Liqiang & Wang, Xiaomeng & Liu, Luyao, 2022. "Energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analysis and optimization of a novel partially covered parabolic trough photovoltaic thermal collector based on life cycle method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1573-1588.
    3. Li, Sihui & Peng, Jinqing & Li, Houpei & Zou, Bin & Song, Jiaming & Ma, Tao & Ji, Jie, 2022. "Zero energy potential of PV direct-driven air conditioners coupled with phase change materials and load flexibility," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 419-432.
    4. Rahimpour, Zahra & Verbič, Gregor & Chapman, Archie C., 2022. "Can phase change materials in building insulation improve self-consumption of residential rooftop solar? An Australian case study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 24-34.
    5. Sohani, Ali & Cornaro, Cristina & Shahverdian, Mohammad Hassan & Moser, David & Pierro, Marco & Olabi, Abdul Ghani & Karimi, Nader & Nižetić, Sandro & Li, Larry K.B. & Doranehgard, Mohammad Hossein, 2023. "Techno-economic evaluation of a hybrid photovoltaic system with hot/cold water storage for poly-generation in a residential building," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    6. Zhou, Yuekuan, 2022. "Demand response flexibility with synergies on passive PCM walls, BIPVs, and active air-conditioning system in a subtropical climate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 204-225.
    7. Palmer, Ben & Arshad, Adeel & Yang, Yan & Wen, Chuang, 2023. "Energy storage performance improvement of phase change materials-based triplex-tube heat exchanger (TTHX) using liquid–solid interface-informed fin configurations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    8. Xue Mi & Chao Chen & Haoqi Fu & Gongcheng Li & Yongxiang Jiao & Fengtao Han, 2023. "Experimental Study on Heat Storage/Release Performances of Composite Phase Change Thermal Storage Heating Wallboards Based on Photovoltaic Electric-Thermal Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-17, March.
    9. Karthikeyan Velmurugan & Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan & Pham Van De & Vaithinathan Karthikeyan & Tulja Bhavani Korukonda & Joshuva Arockia Dhanraj & Kanchanok Emsaeng & Md. Shahariar Chowdhury & Kuaan, 2022. "A Review of Heat Batteries Based PV Module Cooling—Case Studies on Performance Enhancement of Large-Scale Solar PV System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-65, February.
    10. Zheng, Nan & Zhang, Hanfei & Duan, Liqiang & Wang, Qiushi & Bischi, Aldo & Desideri, Umberto, 2023. "Techno-economic analysis of a novel solar-driven PEMEC-SOFC-based multi-generation system coupled parabolic trough photovoltaic thermal collector and thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).

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