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A review of history, development, design and research of electric bicycles

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  • Hung, Nguyen Ba
  • Lim, Ocktaeck

Abstract

The depletion of fossil fuel and increase of environmental pollution caused by internal combustion engine vehicles are big issues worldwide that need to be solved. One of promising solutions to address energy security and environmental pollution is utilization of electric vehicles. Electric bicycle is one of the electric vehicles attracting significant attention because of its many benefits. Many review papers showed potential of electric vehicles for wide application in future, but very few of them solely focused on electric bicycles. This paper shows in detail a review of history, development, design and research of electric bicycles, in which history, development together with markets of electric bicycles are firstly reviewed. The classification of electric bicycles in components and designs is reviewed in detail. The electric bicycle research fields are reviewed based on prior studies to give helpful information for scientists as well as researchers to develop electric bicycles further. Besides the reviews of electric bicycles mentioned above, the rules for utilization of electric bicycles in some world areas are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Hung, Nguyen Ba & Lim, Ocktaeck, 2020. "A review of history, development, design and research of electric bicycles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:260:y:2020:i:c:s0306261919320100
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114323
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Le-Trong Hieu & Nguyen Xuan Khoa & Ocktaeck Lim, 2021. "An Investigation on the Effects of Input Parameters on the Dynamic and Electric Consumption of Electric Motorcycles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-13, June.
    3. Arellano-Sánchez, Maria C. & Reyes-Reyes, Juan & Ponce-Silva, Mario & Olivares-Peregrino, Víctor & Astorga-Zaragoza, Carlos, 2020. "Static technologies associated with pedaling energy harvesting through rotary transducers, a review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    4. Nenad Djokic & Nikola Milicevic & Branimir Kalas & Ines Djokic & Vera Mirovic, 2023. "E-Bicycle as a Green and Physically Active Mode of Transport from the Aspect of Students: TPB and Financial Incentives," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-11, January.
    5. Patricija Bajec & Danijela Tuljak-Suban & Eva Zalokar, 2021. "A Distance-Based AHP-DEA Super-Efficiency Approach for Selecting an Electric Bike Sharing System Provider: One Step Closer to Sustainability and a Win–Win Effect for All Target Groups," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-24, January.
    6. Feifei Xin & Yifan Chen & Yitong Ye, 2022. "Understanding Electric Bicycle Users’ Mode Choice Preference under Uncertainty: A Case Study of Shanghai," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-13, January.

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