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Evaluation of the passive pre-chamber ignition concept for future high compression ratio turbocharged spark-ignition engines

Author

Listed:
  • Benajes, J.
  • Novella, R.
  • Gomez-Soriano, J.
  • Martinez-Hernandiz, P.J.
  • Libert, C.
  • Dabiri, M.

Abstract

The pre-chamber ignition concept is an attractive strategy to enable the operation of spark-ignition engines in lean or diluted conditions keeping a suitable combustion process. According to the results the benefits in lean conditions include the combustion process shortening, the improvement of combustion stability and the increase of combustion efficiency by lowering carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons emissions. Thus, the pre-chamber ignition concept, especially in its passive version, arises as a promising alternative for future spark-ignition engines for passenger car applications. In this framework, an experimental investigation has been carried out to evaluate the potential of passive pre-chamber ignition concept in a high compression ratio, turbocharged, port fueled spark-ignition engine, using 95 Research Octane Number gasoline. As a first step, a 1D Wave Action Model was generated to design the pre-chamber geometry taking the fuel available at the start of pre-chamber combustion and the pressure difference between the main chamber and pre-chamber as key parameters. In a second step, these pre-chamber designs were experimentally validated at high load/speed conditions (4500 rpm, 12.5 bar Indicated Mean Effective Pressure) and compared with the conventional spark-ignition concept. Experimental results show how the passive pre-chamber concept increases efficiency with good combustion stability and high combustion efficiency in stoichiometric conditions. Nevertheless, maximum lambda attainable with the passive system is similar than that of the conventional spark and much lower compared to the maximum levels reported for the active system.

Suggested Citation

  • Benajes, J. & Novella, R. & Gomez-Soriano, J. & Martinez-Hernandiz, P.J. & Libert, C. & Dabiri, M., 2019. "Evaluation of the passive pre-chamber ignition concept for future high compression ratio turbocharged spark-ignition engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 576-588.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:248:y:2019:i:c:p:576-588
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.131
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    6. García, Antonio & Monsalve-Serrano, Javier & Martínez-Boggio, Santiago & Rückert Roso, Vinícius & Duarte Souza Alvarenga Santos, Nathália, 2020. "Potential of bio-ethanol in different advanced combustion modes for hybrid passenger vehicles," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 58-77.
    7. Paolo Sementa & Cinzia Tornatore & Francesco Catapano & Silvana Di Iorio & Bianca Maria Vaglieco, 2023. "Custom-Designed Pre-Chamber: Investigating the Effects on Small SI Engine in Active and Passive Modes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-24, July.
    8. Roso, Vinícius Rückert & Santos, Nathália Duarte Souza Alvarenga & Valle, Ramon Molina & Alvarez, Carlos Eduardo Castilla & Monsalve-Serrano, Javier & García, Antonio, 2019. "Evaluation of a stratified prechamber ignition concept for vehicular applications in real world and standardized driving cycles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    9. Li, Dafang & Sun, Weifu & Luo, Zhenmin, 2023. "Methane deflagration promoted by enhancing ignition efficiency via hydrogen doping, with a view to fracturing shales," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    10. Nyamsuren Gombosuren & Ogami Yoshifumi & Asada Hiroyuki, 2020. "A Charge Possibility of an Unfueled Prechamber and Its Fluctuating Phenomenon for the Spark Ignited Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-17, January.
    11. Novella, R. & Gomez-Soriano, J. & Barbery, I. & Martinez-Hernandiz, P.J., 2024. "Exploring the passive the pre-chamber ignition concept for spark-ignition engines fueled with natural gas under EGR-diluted conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    12. Lina Xu & Gang Li & Mingfa Yao & Zunqing Zheng & Hu Wang, 2022. "Numerical Investigation on the Jet Characteristics and Combustion Process of an Active Prechamber Combustion System Fueled with Natural Gas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-16, July.
    13. Santiago Molina & Ricardo Novella & Josep Gomez-Soriano & Miguel Olcina-Girona, 2021. "New Combustion Modelling Approach for Methane-Hydrogen Fueled Engines Using Machine Learning and Engine Virtualization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-21, October.
    14. Ireneusz Pielecha & Filip Szwajca, 2023. "Two- and Three-Stage Natural Gas Combustion System—Experimental Comparative Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-15, April.
    15. He, Bang-Quan & Xu, Si-Peng & Fu, Xue-Qing & Zhao, Hua, 2020. "Combustion and emission characteristics of an ultra-lean burn gasoline engine with dimethyl ether auto-ignition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    16. López, J.J. & Novella, R. & Gomez-Soriano, J. & Martinez-Hernandiz, P.J. & Rampanarivo, F. & Libert, C. & Dabiri, M., 2021. "Advantages of the unscavenged pre-chamber ignition system in turbocharged natural gas engines for automotive applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    17. Hammam Aljabri & Mickael Silva & Moez Ben Houidi & Xinlei Liu & Moaz Allehaibi & Fahad Almatrafi & Abdullah S. AlRamadan & Balaji Mohan & Emre Cenker & Hong G. Im, 2022. "Comparative Study of Spark-Ignited and Pre-Chamber Hydrogen-Fueled Engine: A Computational Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-21, November.
    18. Onofrio, Gessica & Napolitano, Pierpaolo & Tunestål, Per & Beatrice, Carlo, 2021. "Combustion sensitivity to the nozzle hole size in an active pre-chamber ultra-lean heavy-duty natural gas engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).

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