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Stochastic–multiobjective market equilibrium analysis of a demand response program in energy market under uncertainty

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  • Hu, Ming-Che
  • Lu, Su-Ying
  • Chen, Yen-Haw

Abstract

In the electricity market, demand response programs are designed to shift peak demand and enhance system reliability. A demand response program can reduce peak energy demand, power transmission congestion, or high energy-price conditions by changing consumption patterns. The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of a demand response program in the energy market, under demand uncertainty. A stochastic–multiobjective Nash–Cournot competition model is formulated to simulate demand response in an uncertain energy market. Then, Karush–Kuhn–Tucker optimality conditions and a linear complementarity problem are derived for the stochastic Nash–Cournot model. Accordingly, the linear complementarity problem is solved and its stochastic market equilibrium solution is determined by using a general algebraic modeling system. Additionally, the case of the Taiwanese electric power market is taken up here, and the results show that a demand response program is capable of reducing peak energy consumption, energy price, and carbon dioxide emissions. The results show that demand response program decreases electricity price by 2–10%, total electricity generation by 0.5–2%, and carbon dioxide emissions by 0.5–2.5% in the Taiwanese power market. In the simulation, demand uncertainty leads to an 2–7% increase in energy price and supply risk in the market. Additionally, tradeoffs between cost and carbon dioxide emissions are presented.

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  • Hu, Ming-Che & Lu, Su-Ying & Chen, Yen-Haw, 2016. "Stochastic–multiobjective market equilibrium analysis of a demand response program in energy market under uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 500-506.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:182:y:2016:i:c:p:500-506
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.112
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    5. Wang, Fei & Xu, Hanchen & Xu, Ti & Li, Kangping & Shafie-khah, Miadreza & Catalão, João. P.S., 2017. "The values of market-based demand response on improving power system reliability under extreme circumstances," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 220-231.
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    10. Bertsch, Valentin & Devine, Mel & Sweeney, Conor & Parnell, Andrew C., 2018. "Analysing long-term interactions between demand response and different electricity markets using a stochastic market equilibrium model," Papers WP585, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    11. Mel T. Devine & Valentin Bertsch, 2023. "The role of demand response in mitigating market power: a quantitative analysis using a stochastic market equilibrium model," OR Spectrum: Quantitative Approaches in Management, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research e.V., vol. 45(2), pages 555-597, June.
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    14. Bertsch, Valentin & Devine, Mel, 2019. "The Role of Demand Response in Mitigating Market Power — A Quantitative Analysis Using a Stochastic Market Equilibrium Model," Papers WP635, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    15. Mohseni, Soheil & Brent, Alan C. & Kelly, Scott & Browne, Will N., 2022. "Demand response-integrated investment and operational planning of renewable and sustainable energy systems considering forecast uncertainties: A systematic review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
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