IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eco/journ2/v15y2025i6id20007.html

Renewable Energy and CO2 Emissions in Upper-Middle Income Transition Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Allaeva, Gulchekhra

    (Tashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan)

  • Yusupkhodjaeva, Gulchekhra

    (Tashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan)

  • Sadikov, Avazbek

    (National University of Uzbekistan Named After Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan)

  • Umarov, Abdusalom

    (University of Tashkent for Applied Science, Tashkent, Uzbekistan)

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions in a sample of 12 upper middle income transitioning countries using data from 1995 to 2022. This study relies on a number of panel data estimation methods such as OLS, fixed effects regression and cointegration techniques. Across all estimations with find that renewable energy decreases CO2 emissions even after controlling for economic growth and trade openness. In addition, the results from Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) suggest that there is unidirectional causality from renewable energy to CO2 emissions in our sample. This study offer a number of policy implications and avenues for future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Allaeva, Gulchekhra & Yusupkhodjaeva, Gulchekhra & Sadikov, Avazbek & Umarov, Abdusalom, 2025. "Renewable Energy and CO2 Emissions in Upper-Middle Income Transition Countries," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, vol. 15(6), pages 195-201, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:v:15:y:2025:i:6:id:20007
    DOI: 10.32479/ijeep.20007
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijeep/article/download/20007/9296
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.32479/ijeep.20007?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Natnaporn Aeknarajindawat & Boonsri Suteerachai & Pornkul Suksod, 2020. "The Impact of Natural Resources, Renewable Energy, Economic Growth on Carbon Dioxide Emission in Malaysia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, vol. 10(3), pages 211-218.
    2. Farhani, Sahbi & Chaibi, Anissa & Rault, Christophe, 2014. "CO2 emissions, output, energy consumption, and trade in Tunisia," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 426-434.
    3. repec:ipg:wpaper:2014-582 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Topcu, Mert & Tugcu, Can Tansel, 2020. "The impact of renewable energy consumption on income inequality: Evidence from developed countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 1134-1140.
    5. Abbasi, Kashif Raza & Adedoyin, Festus Fatai & Abbas, Jaffar & Hussain, Khadim, 2021. "The impact of energy depletion and renewable energy on CO2 emissions in Thailand: Fresh evidence from the novel dynamic ARDL simulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 1439-1450.
    6. Yurtkuran, Suleyman, 2021. "The effect of agriculture, renewable energy production, and globalization on CO2 emissions in Turkey: A bootstrap ARDL approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 1236-1245.
    7. Dumitrescu, Elena-Ivona & Hurlin, Christophe, 2012. "Testing for Granger non-causality in heterogeneous panels," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 1450-1460.
    8. Apergis, Nicholas & Payne, James E., 2010. "Renewable energy consumption and economic growth: Evidence from a panel of OECD countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 656-660, January.
    9. Zebo Kuldasheva & Raufhon Salahodjaev, 2024. "Correction: Renewable Energy and CO2 Emissions: Evidence from Rapidly Urbanizing Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(3), pages 15449-15449, September.
    10. Tatyana Bulavskaya & Frédéric Reynés, 2018. "Job creation and economic impact of renewable energy in Netherlands," Post-Print hal-03458307, HAL.
    11. Khalid Jamil & Dunnan Liu & Rana Faizan Gul & Zahid Hussain & Muhammad Mohsin & Guangyu Qin & Farman Ullah Khan, 2022. "Do remittance and renewable energy affect CO2 emissions? An empirical evidence from selected G-20 countries," Energy & Environment, , vol. 33(5), pages 916-932, August.
    12. Im, Kyung So & Pesaran, M. Hashem & Shin, Yongcheol, 2003. "Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 115(1), pages 53-74, July.
    13. Karaaslan, Abdulkerim & Çamkaya, Serhat, 2022. "The relationship between CO2 emissions, economic growth, health expenditure, and renewable and non-renewable energy consumption: Empirical evidence from Turkey," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 457-466.
    14. Dagmar Skodova Parmová & Tulkin Teshabaev & Nargiza Kasimova & Raufhon Salahodjaev, 2024. "Mitigating CO2 Emissions: The Synergy of Foreign Direct Investment and Renewable Energy in Europe and Central Asia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, vol. 14(1), pages 620-627, January.
    15. repec:ipg:wpaper:201415 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Tatyana Bulavskaya & Frédéric Reynés, 2018. "Job creation and economic impact of renewable energy in Netherlands," Sciences Po Economics Publications (main) hal-03458307, HAL.
    17. Zebo Kuldasheva & Maaz Ahmad & Raufhon Salahodjaev & Mochammad Fahlevi, 2023. "Do Tourism and Renewable Energy Influence CO2 Emissions in Tourism-Dependent Countries?," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, vol. 13(6), pages 146-152, November.
    18. Bulavskaya, Tatyana & Reynès, Frédéric, 2018. "Job creation and economic impact of renewable energy in the Netherlands," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 528-538.
    19. Raufhon Salahodjaev & Avazbek Sadikov, 2024. "Examining the Nexus Between Renewable Energy, CO 2 Emissions, and Economic Factors: Implications for Countries Marked by High Rates of Coronary Heart Disease," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-12, December.
    20. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/11505qn4ak95irt0cafaeim81j is not listed on IDEAS
    21. Kaewnern, Hathaipat & Wangkumharn, Sirikul & Deeyaonarn, Wongsathon & Yousaf, Abaid Ullah & Kongbuamai, Nattapan, 2023. "Investigating the role of research development and renewable energy on human development: An insight from the top ten human development index countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    22. Inglesi-Lotz, Roula, 2016. "The impact of renewable energy consumption to economic growth: A panel data application," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 58-63.
    23. repec:ipg:wpaper:2014-056 is not listed on IDEAS
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Francisco García-Lillo & Eduardo Sánchez-García & Bartolomé Marco-Lajara & Pedro Seva-Larrosa, 2023. "Renewable Energies and Sustainable Development: A Bibliometric Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-22, January.
    2. Koçak, Emrah & Şarkgüneşi, Aykut, 2017. "The renewable energy and economic growth nexus in Black Sea and Balkan countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 51-57.
    3. Li, Raymond & Lee, Hazel, 2022. "The role of energy prices and economic growth in renewable energy capacity expansion – Evidence from OECD Europe," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 435-443.
    4. Jin, Taeyoung & Kim, Jinsoo, 2018. "What is better for mitigating carbon emissions – Renewable energy or nuclear energy? A panel data analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 464-471.
    5. Fang, Zheng & Chen, Yang, 2017. "Human capital, energy, and economic development – Evidence from Chinese provincial data," RIEI Working Papers 2017-03, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Research Institute for Economic Integration.
    6. Javed, Asif & Usman, Nimra, 2025. "Skill-biased labour market effects of environmental policy and green energy transition in Italy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    7. Arletta Isaeva & Raufhon Salahodjaev & Anastas Khachaturov & Shakhnoza Tosheva, 2022. "The Impact of Tourism and Financial Development on Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emission: Evidence from Post-communist Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(1), pages 773-786, March.
    8. Dogan, Eyup & Seker, Fahri, 2016. "Determinants of CO2 emissions in the European Union: The role of renewable and non-renewable energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 429-439.
    9. Wang, Qiang & Li, Shuyu & Pisarenko, Zhanna, 2020. "Heterogeneous effects of energy efficiency, oil price, environmental pressure, R&D investment, and policy on renewable energy -- evidence from the G20 countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    10. Sikder, Arjita & Inekwe, John & Bhattacharya, Mita, 2019. "Economic output in the era of changing energy-mix for G20 countries: New evidence with trade openness and research and development investment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 930-938.
    11. Rahman, Mohammad Mafizur & Velayutham, Eswaran, 2020. "Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption-economic growth nexus: New evidence from South Asia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 399-408.
    12. Olimpia Neagu & Mircea Constantin Teodoru, 2019. "The Relationship between Economic Complexity, Energy Consumption Structure and Greenhouse Gas Emission: Heterogeneous Panel Evidence from the EU Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-29, January.
    13. Khribich, Abir & Kacem, Rami H. & Dakhlaoui, Ahlem, 2021. "Causality nexus of renewable energy consumption and social development: Evidence from high-income countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 14-22.
    14. Daniel Ştefan Armeanu & Georgeta Vintilă & Ştefan Cristian Gherghina, 2017. "Does Renewable Energy Drive Sustainable Economic Growth? Multivariate Panel Data Evidence for EU-28 Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-21, March.
    15. Xiaoxia Shi & Haiyun Liu & Joshua Sunday Riti, 2019. "The role of energy mix and financial development in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions’ reduction: evidence from ten leading CO2 emitting countries," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 36(3), pages 695-729, October.
    16. Marius-Corneliu Marinaș & Marin Dinu & Aura-Gabriela Socol & Cristian Socol, 2018. "Renewable energy consumption and economic growth. Causality relationship in Central and Eastern European countries," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(10), pages 1-29, October.
    17. Osorio-Aravena, Juan Carlos & Ram, Manish & Aghahosseini, Arman & Breyer, Christian, 2025. "Evaluation of employment effects during the transition of the Chilean energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 318(C).
    18. Rongrong Li & Zhuang Yang & Qiang Wang, 2025. "Does renewable energy reduce energy intensity? A matter of income inequality," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-22, December.
    19. Saint Akadiri, Seyi & Alola, Andrew Adewale & Akadiri, Ada Chigozie & Alola, Uju Violet, 2019. "Renewable energy consumption in EU-28 countries: Policy toward pollution mitigation and economic sustainability," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 803-810.
    20. Najia Saqib & Haider Mahmood & Aamir Hussain Siddiqui & Muhammad Asif Shamim, 2022. "The Link between Economic Growth and Sustainable Energy in G7-Countries and E7-Countries: Evidence from a Dynamic Panel Threshold Model," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, vol. 12(5), pages 294-302, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:v:15:y:2025:i:6:id:20007. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Monica Sinhat (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://econjournals.com/index.php/ijeep .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.