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Monitoring, firms’ compliance and imposition of fines: evidence from the Federal Industrial Inspection Program in Mexico City

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  • Escobar, Ninel
  • Chávez, Carlos

Abstract

We analyze the performance of the Federal Industrial Inspection Program operated by the Federal Attorney for Environmental Protection (PROFEPA) in Mexico City. We seek to answer three questions: What drives the inspections? What determines non-compliance? And what drives imposition of fines? We use firm-level data that identify certain characteristics of the firms, PROFEPA's inspections, compliance results and fines for all air polluting firms under the Program during the period January 2000–October 2008. We obtain three main results. First, PROFEPA's inspections have focused on larger firms devoted to industrial activities located in poor and dense municipalities. Second, past inspections were significant and have a high marginal effect on compliance. Third, the severity of the infraction was not relevant to the decision to impose a fine but rather to its amount.

Suggested Citation

  • Escobar, Ninel & Chávez, Carlos, 2013. "Monitoring, firms’ compliance and imposition of fines: evidence from the Federal Industrial Inspection Program in Mexico City," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(6), pages 723-748, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:endeec:v:18:y:2013:i:06:p:723-748_00
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Carol Luengo & Marcelo Caffera & Carlos Ch vez, 2014. "Uncertain Penalties and Compliance," Documentos de Trabajo/Working Papers 1407, Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales y Economia. Universidad de Montevideo..
    2. Lopamudra Chakraborti & Michael Margolis, 2017. "Do industries pollute more in poorer neighborhoods? Evidence from toxic releasing plants in Mexico," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 37(2), pages 853-870.
    3. Guoyou Qi & Hailiang Zou & Xuemei Xie, 2020. "Governmental inspection and green innovation: Examining the role of environmental capability and institutional development," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(4), pages 1774-1785, July.
    4. Lin, Liguo & Sun, Wei & Zhao, Jinhua, 2024. "Environmental protection for bureaucratic promotion: Water quality performance review of provincial governors in China," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    5. Chakraborti, Lopamudra, 2020. "Regulator Reputation Effects in Developing Countries: Evidence from the Toxics Pollution Registry of Mexico," MPRA Paper 104580, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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