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Efecto de la globalización sobre la Eficiencia Técnica en el contexto regional de Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Osvaldo U. Becerril-Torres
  • Gabriela Munguía Vázquez

Abstract

La década de los anos 80 del siglo XX mostró fuertes cambios y ajustes en los modelos económicos de Latinoamérica tras el agotamiento del modelo de industrialización vía sustitución de importaciones. En aquellos anos la mayoría de los países de la región presentaron fuertes desequilibrios macroeconómicos que los llevaron a hacer importantes ajustes económicos. Tras el agotamiento del modelo de sustitución de importaciones, los países transitaron hacia paradigmas económicos de mayor apertura hacia la economía internacional. De manera particular, Colombia inicia este proceso en los anos 90 del siglo XX, lo que hace que exista mayor interacción con otras economías de la región. Esto sin lugar a dudas ha tenido influencia en el uso de los factores de producción, por lo que en esta investigación el objetivo es mostrar la manera en que esto se ha llevado a cabo, a través de la obtención de un indicador de eficiencia técnica para Colombia y los países con los que comparte frontera geográfica. La metodología empleada es la de fronteras estocásticas. Los principales hallazgos son que aún existe una amplia posibilidad de mejorar la eficiencia técnica de los países considerados en el estudio y que la apertura económica ha contribuido a mejorar el uso de los factores productivos, incluso para Colombia. Effect of globalization on Technical Efficiency in the regional context of Colombia The 1980s showed strong changes and adjustments in economic models in Latin America, after the exhaustion of the import substitution industrialization model. In those years, the majority of countries in the region registered strong macroeconomic imbalances that led to important economic adjustments. After the exhaustion of this model, countries moved towards economic paradigms of international openness economy. Colombia in particular started this process in the 1990s, which led to greater interaction with other economies in the region. This undoubtedly has had influence on the use of production factors, thereforethe aim of this research is to show how this has been conducted, by obtaining an indicator of technical efficiency for Colombia and the countries it shares geographical border with. The methodology used is that of stochastic boundaries. The main findings are that there is still a wide possibility of improving technical efficiency of countries considered in the study and that economic openness has contributed to improve the use of productive factors, even for Colombia.

Suggested Citation

  • Osvaldo U. Becerril-Torres & Gabriela Munguía Vázquez, 2013. "Efecto de la globalización sobre la Eficiencia Técnica en el contexto regional de Colombia," Revista Ad-Minister, Universidad EAFIT, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000475:011688
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Eficiencia técnica; apertura económica; desarrollo económico; globalización; Colombia; technical efficiency; economic openness; economic development; globalization; Colombia.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E23 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Production
    • C73 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory - - - Stochastic and Dynamic Games; Evolutionary Games

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