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Einkommensungleichheit in Deutschland, Teil 2: Die Rolle der Umverteilung

Author

Listed:
  • Gabriel Felbermayr
  • Michele Battisti
  • Sybille Lehwald

Abstract

Deutschland ist ein Land, das kräftig von oben nach unten umverteilt, innerhalb von Haushalten, durch Steuern und Transfers sowie auch durch die Bereitstellung öffentlicher Güter: In kaum einem anderen Land ist die Differenz zwischen der Ungleichheit der Brutto- und Nettoeinkommen größer als in Deutschland. Für die Lebenssituation der Arbeitnehmer ist nicht ausschlaggebend, was die Arbeitgeber an Bruttoentgelten bezahlen, sondern was nach Steuern und Transfers an Einkommen verfügbar ist. Die Entwicklung der Nettoeinkommensungleichheit auf Haushaltsebene weist seit 2005 keinen Anstieg mehr auf. Zudem gehört Deutschland innerhalb der OECD zu den Staaten, die sich durch ein besonders geringes Maß an Nettoeinkommensungleichheit auszeichnen. Dabei ist noch nicht berücksichtigt, dass der Staat nicht nur durch Steuern und Transfers umverteilt, sondern auch durch die Bereitstellung öffentlicher Güter wie Bildung und Gesundheitsversorgung. Auch diese Faktoren müssen für eine solide Beurteilung der Ungleichheit Berücksichtigung finden.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriel Felbermayr & Michele Battisti & Sybille Lehwald, 2016. "Einkommensungleichheit in Deutschland, Teil 2: Die Rolle der Umverteilung," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 69(14), pages 22-29, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:69:y:2016:i:14:p:22-29
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Giacomo Corneo, 2015. "Income inequality from a lifetime perspective," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 42(2), pages 225-239, May.
    2. Andreas Peichl & Nico Pestel & Hilmar Schneider, 2012. "Does Size Matter? The Impact Of Changes In Household Structure On Income Distribution In Germany," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 58(1), pages 118-141, March.
    3. Michele Battisti & Gabriel Felbermayr & Sybille Lehwald, 2016. "Inequality in Germany: Myths, Facts, and Policy Implications," ifo Working Paper Series 217, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich.
    4. Heineck Guido & Riphahn Regina T., 2009. "Intergenerational Transmission of Educational Attainment in Germany – The Last Five Decades," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 229(1), pages 36-60, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Andreas Peichl & Marc Stöckli, 2018. "Ungleichheit und Umverteilung in Deutschland: Trends und Handlungsoptionen," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 71(15), pages 18-22, August.
    2. Till van Treeck & Judith Niehues & Galina Kolev & Piotr Pysz & Peter Hampe & Andreas Peichl & Marc Stöckli & Georg Cremer, 2018. "Wie gerecht ist die Welt? – Soziale Ungleichheit und Wirtschaftswachstum," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 71(15), pages 03-25, August.
    3. Anger, Christina & Hüther, Michael & Klös, Hans-Peter & Niehues, Judith & Röhl, Klaus-Heiner & Schäfer, Holger, 2017. "Gerechtigkeitspolitische Handlungsfelder in Deutschland: Relevante Probleme angemessen angehen," IW policy papers 10/2017, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies

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