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On urban sprawl: Closed city, open city or does it even matter?

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  • Jeffrey A. DiBartolomeo
  • Geoffrey K. Turnbull

Abstract

The empirical urban sprawl literature uses the closed city urban model in which population and income are exogenous. This paper considers the open city model with endogenous population and income as an alternative. The tests for single‐county urbanized areas over 1970–2010 support the open over closed city models. While point estimates differ for open city instrumental variable (IV) models when compared with closed city OLS counterparts, the open city models offer broad empirical support for the underlying neoclassical urban land use theory. In that regard, support for the theory found in the existing empirical literature using closed city models is not likely to diminish when using empirically preferred open city models. La literatura empírica sobre la dispersión urbana utiliza el modelo urbano de ciudad cerrada en el que la población y la renta son exógenas. Este artículo considera como una alternativa el modelo de ciudad abierta con población e ingresos endógenos. Las pruebas para las áreas urbanizadas de un solo condado durante el período 1970‐2010 apoyan los modelos de ciudad abierta sobre los de ciudad cerrada. Aunque las estimaciones puntuales difieren para los modelos de variable instrumental (VI) de ciudad abierta cuando se comparan con sus homólogos de MCO de ciudad cerrada, los modelos de ciudad abierta ofrecen un amplio apoyo empírico a la teoría neoclásica subyacente de uso del suelo urbano. En este sentido, no es probable que el apoyo a la teoría encontrado en la literatura empírica existente que utiliza modelos de ciudad cerrada disminuya al utilizar los modelos de ciudad abierta preferidos empíricamente. 都市スプロール化の実証的研究では、人口と所得を外生変数とする閉鎖都市モデルが用いられている。本稿では、人口と所得を内生変数とする開放都市モデルを考案する。単一郡における都市化地域を対象として1970~2010年に実施された調査では、閉鎖都市モデルよりも開放都市モデルを支持する結果となっている。開放都市の操作変数モデルの点推定値は閉鎖都市の最小二乗法(OLS)モデルと比較すると異なるが、開放都市モデルは基礎にある新古典的な都市的土地利用理論を幅広く実証的に支持するものである。つまり、実証的に好ましい開放都市モデルを用いた場合、閉鎖都市モデルを用いた既存の実証的研究に見られる理論に対する支持が下がる可能性は低い。

Suggested Citation

  • Jeffrey A. DiBartolomeo & Geoffrey K. Turnbull, 2021. "On urban sprawl: Closed city, open city or does it even matter?," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 100(6), pages 1527-1543, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:100:y:2021:i:6:p:1527-1543
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12634
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    References listed on IDEAS

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