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Improving semiparametric estimation by using surrogate data

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  • Song Xi Chen
  • Denis H. Y. Leung
  • Jing Qin

Abstract

Summary. The paper considers estimating a parameter β that defines an estimating function U(y, x, β) for an outcome variable y and its covariate x when the outcome is missing in some of the observations. We assume that, in addition to the outcome and the covariate, a surrogate outcome is available in every observation. The efficiency of existing estimators for β depends critically on correctly specifying the conditional expectation of U given the surrogate and the covariate. When the conditional expectation is not correctly specified, which is the most likely scenario in practice, the efficiency of estimation can be severely compromised even if the propensity function (of missingness) is correctly specified. We propose an estimator that is robust against the choice of the conditional expectation via an empirical likelihood. We demonstrate that the estimator proposed achieves a gain in efficiency whether the conditional score is correctly specified or not. When the conditional score is correctly specified, the estimator reaches the semiparametric variance bound within the class of estimating functions that are generated by U. The practical performance of the estimator is evaluated by using simulation and a data set that is based on the 1996 US presidential election.

Suggested Citation

  • Song Xi Chen & Denis H. Y. Leung & Jing Qin, 2008. "Improving semiparametric estimation by using surrogate data," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 70(4), pages 803-823, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jorssb:v:70:y:2008:i:4:p:803-823
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9868.2008.00662.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Zhong, Ping-Shou & Chen, Sixia, 2014. "Jackknife empirical likelihood inference with regression imputation and survey data," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 193-205.
    4. Denis Heng Yan Leung & Ken Yamada & Biao Zhang, 2015. "Enriching Surveys with Supplementary Data and its Application to Studying Wage Regression," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 42(1), pages 155-179, March.
    5. Peisong Han, 2014. "Multiply Robust Estimation in Regression Analysis With Missing Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 109(507), pages 1159-1173, September.
    6. Han, Peisong, 2012. "A note on improving the efficiency of inverse probability weighted estimator using the augmentation term," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 82(12), pages 2221-2228.
    7. Hamori, Shigeyuki & Motegi, Kaiji & Zhang, Zheng, 2019. "Calibration estimation of semiparametric copula models with data missing at random," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 85-109.

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