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Early Childhood Nutrition Increases Adult Wages Adäquate Ernährung in der frühen Kindheit führt zu höheren Einkommen im Erwachsenenalter La participation à des programmes de nutrition des très jeunes enfants accroît les salaires à l’âge adulte

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  • John Hoddinott

Abstract

Early Childhood Nutrition Increases Adult Wages A study in Guatemala presents the first direct evidence of the effects of early childhood nutrition programs on adult economic productivity and incomes. The research shows that feeding young children a caloric, micronutrient‐enriched nutritional supplement leads to significant increases in wage rates for men as adults. Boys who received the supplement in the first two years of life earned on average 46 per cent higher wages as adults. Boys who received the supplement in their first three years earned 37 per cent higher wages on average. Those who first received the supplement after age three did not gain any economic benefits as adults. The study demonstrates that early childhood nutrition is not only crucial for the physical growth of children, but is also a long‐term driver of economic growth and a wise economic investment. The study also provides compelling evidence that the first two years of life are the window of opportunity when nutrition programs have an enormous impact on a child’s development, with life‐long benefits. The study was conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute in collaboration with researchers from Emory University, the Institute of Nutrition in Central America and Panama, the University of Pennsylvania, and Middlebury College. Une étude portant sur le Guatemala présente pour la première fois des résultats observés sur les effets des programmes de nutrition des très jeunes enfants sur la productivitééconomique et les revenus des adultes. Les travaux de recherche montrent qu’apporter aux jeunes enfants un supplément nutritif calorique enrichi de micronutriments conduit à une élévation des salaires unitaires des hommes adultes. Les jeunes garçons qui ont reçu un supplément dans les deux premières années de leur vie gagnent en moyenne des salaires 46 pour cent plus élevés que les autres à l’âge adulte. Ceux qui ont reçu un supplément dans les trois premières années de leur vie ont en moyenne des salaires 37 pour cent plus élevés. Ceux qui ont reçu le supplément après l’âge de trois ans n’en tirent aucun avantage économique. L’étude démontre que la nutrition aux stades précoces de la vie n’est pas seulement cruciale pour le développement physique de l’enfant mais elle est également l’un des facteurs qui détermine la croissance économique à plus long terme et représente un investissement économique évident. L’étude fournit des résultats montrant clairement que les deux premières années de la vie représentent une période opportune pendant laquelle les programmes de nutrition ont une incidence considérable sur l’évolution de l’enfant et apportent des avantages pour la vie entière. L’étude a été menée par l’Institut de recherche sur les politiques alimentaires (International Food Policy Research Institute) en collaboration avec des chercheurs de l’université Emory, l’Institut de nutrition en Amérique centrale et au Panama, l’Université de Pennsylvanie et le Collège de Middlebury. Eine Studie aus Guatemala liefert erste Belege für die Auswirkungen von Ernährungsprogrammen für Säuglinge und Kleinkinder auf die wirtschaftliche Produktivität und das Einkommen im Erwachsenenalter. Die Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass erwachsene Männer ein signifikant höheres Einkommen erzielen, wenn sie in früher Kindheit eine kalorienreiche, mit Spurenelementen angereicherte Nahrung erhielten. Jungen, denen die so ergänzte Nahrung in den ersten beiden Lebensjahren verabreicht wurde, hatten als Erwachsene einen durchschnittlich um 46 Prozent höheren Verdienst. Jungen, welche die Nahrungsergänzung in den ersten drei Lebensjahren erhielten, hatten als Erwachsene einen durchschnittlich um 37 Prozent höheren Verdienst. Für diejenigen, denen die Nahrungsergänzung erst nach ihrem dritten Geburtstag verabreicht wurde, ergaben sich im Erwachsenenalter keine wirtschaftlichen Vorteile. Die Studie verdeutlicht, dass eine gute Ernährung in der frühen Kindheit nicht nur für das körperliche Wachstum der Kinder unerlässlich ist, sondern auch auf lange Sicht eine Triebfeder für wirtschaftliches Wachstum und somit eine kluge wirtschaftliche Investition darstellt. Darüber hinaus legt die Studie schlüssig dar, dass es sich bei den ersten beiden Lebensjahren um jenes Zeitfenster handelt, in dem Ernährungsprogramme einen enormen Einfluss auf die weitere Entwicklung des Kindes ausüben, wovon dieses ein Leben lang profitiert. Die Studie wurde vom International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in Zusammenarbeit mit Wissenschaftlern der Emory University, des Instituts für Ernährung in Mittelamerika und Panama, der University of Pennsylvania und dem Middlebury College durchgeführt.

Suggested Citation

  • John Hoddinott, 2009. "Early Childhood Nutrition Increases Adult Wages Adäquate Ernährung in der frühen Kindheit führt zu höheren Einkommen im Erwachsenenalter La participation à des programmes de nutrition des très jeunes ," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 8(2), pages 34-37, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:8:y:2009:i:2:p:34-37
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1746-692X.2009.00130.x
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    5. Alderman, Harold & Behrman, Jere R. & Hoddinott, John, 2004. "Improving child nutrition for sustainable poverty reduction in Africa," Issue briefs 18, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
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