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Consumption Risk‐Sharing within Australia and with New Zealand

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  • DAVID KIM
  • JEFFREY SHEEN

Abstract

We quantify how output risks are smoothed within Australia, and between Australia and New Zealand. About 90 per cent of shocks were smoothed within Australia through credit and capital markets, with fiscal policy a source of dis‐smoothing after 1992. Risk‐sharing between Australia and New Zealand was greater than within Europe, occurring mostly through credit markets. Fully integrated financial markets between Australia and New Zealand before 1983 would have yielded a welfare gain of 8.9 per cent of certainty‐equivalent consumption for New Zealand, but a loss of 1.7 per cent for Australia. These gains (losses) were largely resolved by the deregulations and trade agreement of the early 1980s.

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  • David Kim & Jeffrey Sheen, 2007. "Consumption Risk‐Sharing within Australia and with New Zealand," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 83(260), pages 46-59, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:ecorec:v:83:y:2007:i:260:p:46-59
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4932.2007.00375.x
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    2. Boyle, Glenn, 2009. "Capital Market Integration: A Review of the Issues and an Assessment of New Zealand's Position," Working Paper Series 4034, Victoria University of Wellington, The New Zealand Institute for the Study of Competition and Regulation.
    3. Eduardo Silva & Alex Ferreira, 2023. "Risk-sharing within Brazil and South America," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 65(2), pages 661-695, August.
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    6. Kim, David, 2007. "An East Asian currency union?: The empirical nature of macroeconomic shocks in East Asia," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(6), pages 847-866, December.
    7. Boyle, Glenn, 2009. "Capital Market Integration: A Review of the Issues and an Assessment of New Zealand's Position," Working Paper Series 19136, Victoria University of Wellington, The New Zealand Institute for the Study of Competition and Regulation.
    8. Faruk Balli & Faisal Rana, 2014. "Determinants of risk sharing through remittances: cross-country evidence," CAMA Working Papers 2014-12, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    9. Balli, Faruk & Balli, Hatice O., 2011. "Income and consumption smoothing and welfare gains across Pacific Island Countries: The role of remittances and foreign aid," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 1642-1649, July.
    10. Barbara Pfeffer, 2008. "Do regional Trade and Specialization drive intra-regional Risk-Sharing?," MAGKS Papers on Economics 200813, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Department of Economics (Volkswirtschaftliche Abteilung).
    11. Joongsan Ko, 2020. "Intranational Consumption Risk Sharing in South Korea: 2000–2016," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 34(1), pages 29-49, March.

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