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Earnings Management and Corporate Governance in Asia's Emerging Markets

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  • Chung‐Hua Shen
  • Hsiang‐Lin Chih

Abstract

This paper studies the impacts of corporate governance on earnings management. We use firm‐level governance data, taken from Credit Lyonnais Security Asia (CLSA), of nine Asian countries, in addition to the country‐level governance data used in past studies. Our conclusion is as follows. First, firms with good corporate governance tend to conduct less earnings management. Second, there is a size effect for earnings smoothing, that is, large size firms are prone to conduct earnings smoothing, but good corporate governance can mitigate the effect on average. Third, there is a turning point for leverage effect, i.e. when the governance index is large, leverage effect exists, otherwise reverse leverage effect exists. It shows that a highly leveraged firm with poor governance is prone to be scrutinised closely and thus finds it harder to fool the market by manipulating earnings. Fourth, firms with higher growth (lower earnings yield) are prone to engage in earnings smoothing and earnings aggressiveness, but good corporate governance can mitigate the effect. Finally, firms in stronger anti‐director rights countries tend to exhibit stronger earnings smoothing. This counter‐intuitive result is different from Leuz et al. (2003).

Suggested Citation

  • Chung‐Hua Shen & Hsiang‐Lin Chih, 2007. "Earnings Management and Corporate Governance in Asia's Emerging Markets," Corporate Governance: An International Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(5), pages 999-1021, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:corgov:v:15:y:2007:i:5:p:999-1021
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8683.2007.00624.x
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    1. Doidge, Craig & Andrew Karolyi, G. & Stulz, Rene M., 2007. "Why do countries matter so much for corporate governance?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(1), pages 1-39, October.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Kamran & Attaullah Shah, 2014. "The Impact of Corporate Governance and Ownership Structure on Earnings Management Practices: Evidence from Listed Companies in Pakistan," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 19(2), pages 27-70, July-Dec.
    3. Pompei Mititean, 2022. "Is The Financial Performance Affected By Board Characteristics During Covid-19? Evidence From The Energy Industry," Oradea Journal of Business and Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, vol. 7(special), pages 100-110, June.
    4. Mehdi Bouras & Mohamed Imen Gallali, 2017. "Earnings Management, Equity-based Compensation, Economic Conjuncture and Governance Mechanisms: A Comparative Study between France and the United States," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 7(2), pages 585-600.
    5. Chanchal Chatterjee, 2020. "Board Quality and Earnings Management: Evidence from India," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 21(5), pages 1302-1324, October.
    6. Pier Luigi Marchini & Tatiana Mazza & Alice Medioli, 2018. "The impact of related party transactions on earnings management: some insights from the Italian context," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 22(4), pages 981-1014, December.
    7. Tang, Hui-Wen & Chen, Anlin, 2020. "How do market power and industry competition influence the effect of corporate governance on earnings management?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 212-225.
    8. Wu, Meng-Wen & Shen, Chung-Hua & Lu, Chin-Hwa, 2015. "Do more foreign strategic investors and more directors improve the earnings smoothing? The case of China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 3-16.
    9. Lin, Fengyi & Wu, Sheng-Fu, 2014. "Comparison of cosmetic earnings management for the developed markets and emerging markets: Some empirical evidence from the United States and Taiwan," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 466-473.
    10. Shan, Yuan George, 2015. "Value relevance, earnings management and corporate governance in China," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 186-207.
    11. Sabur Mollah & Omar Farooque & Asma Mobarek & Philip Molyneux, 2019. "Bank Corporate Governance and Future Earnings Predictability," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 56(3), pages 369-394, December.
    12. Neeraj K. Sehrawat & Amit Kumar & Nandita Lohia & Satvik Bansal & Tanya Agarwal, 2019. "Impact of Corporate Governance on Earnings Management: Large Sample Evidence from India," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 9(12), pages 1335-1345, December.
    13. Hui-Wen Tang & Chong-Chuo Chang, 2015. "Does corporate governance affect the relationship between earnings management and firm performance? An endogenous switching regression model," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 45(1), pages 33-58, July.
    14. Hsueh-Li Huang & Lien-Wen Liang & Hai-Yen Chang & Hsiu-Yuan Hsu, 2021. "The Influence of Earnings Management and Board Characteristics on Company Efficiency," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-18, October.
    15. Ahmad Hammami & Mohammad Hendijani Zadeh, 2022. "Predicting earnings management through machine learning ensemble classifiers," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(8), pages 1639-1660, December.
    16. Alessandro Zattoni & Emmanouil Dedoulis & Stergios Leventis & Hans Van Ees, 2020. "Corporate governance and institutions—A review and research agenda," Corporate Governance: An International Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(6), pages 465-487, November.
    17. Boachie, Christopher & Mensah, Emmanuel, 2022. "The effect of earnings management on firm performance: The moderating role of corporate governance quality," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    18. Windsor, Duane, 2009. "Tightening corporate governance," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 306-316, September.
    19. Amjad Iqbal & Xianzhi Zhang & Khalil Jebran, 2015. "Corporate Governance and Earnings Management: A Case of Karachi Stock Exchange Listed Companies," Indian Journal of Corporate Governance, , vol. 8(2), pages 103-118, December.
    20. Waqas Bin Khidmat & Man Wang & Sadia Awan, 2018. "Corporate governance, earnings management and the value-relevance of accounting information: Evidence from Pakistan," International Journal of Financial Engineering (IJFE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 5(03), pages 1-31, September.
    21. Wu, Meng-Wen & Shen, Chung Hua, 2019. "Effects of shadow banking on bank risks from the view of capital adequacy," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 176-197.
    22. Eugene Burgos Mutuc & Jen-Sin Lee & Fu-Sheng Tsai, 2019. "Doing Good with Creative Accounting? Linking Corporate Social Responsibility to Earnings Management in Market Economy, Country and Business Sector Contexts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-20, August.
    23. Hwang, Ruey-Ching, 2012. "A varying-coefficient default model," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 675-688.

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