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Econometric estimation of a global spillover matrix for wheat varietal technology

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  • My wish K. Maredia
  • Richard Ward
  • Derek Byerlee

Abstract

An econometric approach using international and national yield trial data is employed to estimate a spillover matrix for wheat varietal technology. The global spillover matrix is estimated based on international yield trial data from 1979–80 to 1987–88, that include 195 international trial locations and 209 wheat varieties. The locations were classified across countries using the CIMMYT's wheat megaenvironment system and varieties were classified by both their environmental and institutional origin. The model gave good explanatory power and confirmed the location specificity hypothesis, at least, for the varieties developed by national programs (NARS). The spillover matrix shows that NARS varieties developed in the home' environment generally perform better on average than varieties developed in other megaenvironments. Also, the matrix is not symmetric. CIMMYT varieties perform better on average in irrigated and high rainfall environments than NARS varieties developed for these environments. The yield advantage of CIMMYT varieties in many test megaenvironments indicates the potential of CIMMYT varieties to spill‐over to these test megaenvironments. Results also indicate that national programs are efficient in selecting from among imported technologies. Analysis of international data is complemented by the analysis of country‐level data for Pakistan and Kenya that confirms the above results. The country‐level analysis, however, indicates that CIMMYT germplasm does not do so well in some sub‐environments, such as the irrigated short‐duration environment. The results of the spillover matrix have implications for the design of crop breeding programs both at the national and international levels. Information provided by the spillover matrix can be utilized by national programs to deploy their resources more efficiently by following a mixed strategy of direct importation of technology in some environments and local development of technologies in other environments which are unique to the country.

Suggested Citation

  • My wish K. Maredia & Richard Ward & Derek Byerlee, 1996. "Econometric estimation of a global spillover matrix for wheat varietal technology," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 14(3), pages 159-173, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:agecon:v:14:y:1996:i:3:p:159-173
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-0862.1996.tb00411.x
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    1. Giancarlo Moschini & Harvey Lapan & Andrei Sobolevsky, 2000. "Roundup ready® soybeans and welfare effects in the soybean complex," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(1), pages 33-55.
    2. Maredia, Mywish K., 1998. "The Economics Of Biosafety: Implications For Biotechnology In Developing Countries," Staff Paper Series 11768, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics.
    3. Michael J. Andrews, 2020. "Local Effects of Land Grant Colleges on Agricultural Innovation and Output," NBER Chapters, in: Economics of Research and Innovation in Agriculture, pages 139-175, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Hiroyuki Takeshima, 2019. "Geography of plant breeding systems, agroclimatic similarity, and agricultural productivity: evidence from Nigeria," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 50(1), pages 67-78, January.
    5. Alston, Julian M., 2002. "Spillovers," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 46(3), pages 1-32.
    6. Takeshima, Hiroyuki & Maji, Alhassan, "undated". "Varietal Development And The Effectiveness Of Seed Sector Policies: The Case Of Rice In Nigeria," Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Food Security Policy Research Papers 259570, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Food Security (FSP).
    7. Maredia, Mywish K. & Byerlee, Derek, 2000. "Efficiency of research investments in the presence of international spillovers: wheat research in developing countries," Agricultural Economics, Blackwell, vol. 22(1), pages 1-16, January.
    8. Pardey, Philip G. & Alston, Julian M. & Ruttan, Vernon W., 2010. "The Economics of Innovation and Technical Change in Agriculture," Handbook of the Economics of Innovation, in: Bronwyn H. Hall & Nathan Rosenberg (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Innovation, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 939-984, Elsevier.
    9. Takeshima, Hiroyuki & Nasir, Abdullahi Mohammed, "undated". "The Role of the Locations of Public Sector Varietal Development Activities on Agricultural Productivity: Evidence from Northern Nigeria," Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Food Security Policy Research Papers 303015, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Food Security (FSP).
    10. Mausch, Kai & Chiwaula, L. & Irshad, A. & Bantilan, Ma Cynthia S. & Silim, S. & Siambi, M., 2013. "Strategic Breeding Investments for Legume Expansion: Lessons Learned from the Comparison of Groundnut and Pigeonpea," 2013 Conference (57th), February 5-8, 2013, Sydney, Australia 152168, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    11. Moschini, GianCarlo & Lapan, Harvey E. & Sobolevsky, Andrei, 2000. "Trading Technology As Well As Final Products: Roundup Ready Soybean and Welfare Effects in the Soybean Complex," Staff General Research Papers Archive 5317, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    12. Traxler, Greg & Byerlee, Derek, 2001. "Linking technical change to research effort: an examination of aggregation and spillovers effects," Agricultural Economics, Blackwell, vol. 24(3), pages 235-246, March.
    13. Pedro Andres Garzon Delvaux & Heinrich Hockmann & Peter Voigt & Pavel Ciaian & Sergio Gomez y Paloma, 2018. "The impact of private R&D on the performance of food-processing firms: Evidence from Europe, Japan and North America," JRC Research Reports JRC104144, Joint Research Centre.
    14. Andersen, Matthew A., . "Knowledge productivity and the returns to agricultural research: a review," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 63(2).
    15. Nedumaran, S. & Bantilan, M.C.S. & Gupta, S.K. & Irshad, A. & Davis, J.S., 2015. "Potential Welfare Benefit of Millets Improvement Research to Inform Decision Making: Multi country- Economic Surplus model approach," 2015 Conference, August 9-14, 2015, Milan, Italy 230224, International Association of Agricultural Economists.

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