Exploring the Interrelationship between the Local Communities and Ecologically Critical Areas (ECA): Evidence from the Communities of Jaflong-Dawki Riverbank Area, Sylhet, Bangladesh

According to the 2015 declaration by the Government of Bangladesh, the Jaflong-Dawki River of Sylhet division is the newest ecologically critical area of the country. This river is located in the southern hilly parts of Bangladesh, and natural rocks flow naturally in the river bed. This study seeks to understand the relationship between this ecologically endangered river and the riparian communities. To collect primary data from the study area this study conducted a household survey and Focus Group Discussions. Empirical field data show that local communities are highly dependent on the river ecosystem services for livelihood. They rely on ecosystem services, such as stones, sand, fish, transportation, water for irrigation, and freshwater for household activities in their everyday lives. Despite its ecological vulnerability, locals and traders from nearby towns and cities continue to extract substantial resources without sufficient knowledge of conservation practices. Furthermore, mass illegal resource extraction, corruption among authorities, and inadequate monitoring have made the river increasingly vulnerable. This study suggests that awareness programs, systematic and proper monitoring, and alternative livelihood options could be effective measures to protect this endangered river.