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The Evolution of Male-Female Wages Differentials in Canadian Universities: 1970-2001

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Author Info
Casey Warman () (Queen's University, Department of Economics, Statistics Canada)
Frances Woolley (Carleton University, Department of Economics)
Christopher Worswick (Carleton University, Department of Economics)

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Abstract

In this paper, we use a unique data set containing detailed information on all full-time teachers at Canadian universities over the period 1970 through 2001. The individual level data are collected by Statistics Canada from all universities in Canada and are used to analyze the evolution of male-female wage differentials of professors in Canadian universities. The long time series aspect of this data source along with the detailed administrative information allow us to provide a more complete and more accurate portrait of the wage gap than is available in most other studies. The results of a cohort-based analysis indicate that the male salary advantage among university faculty has declined for more recent birth cohorts. This has been driven not so much by an increase in the real salaries of female professors but from a cross cohort decline in the earnings of male professors and the fact that female professors have not experienced a similar cross cohort decline. Also important to note is the fact that the differences across cohorts appear to be permanent. There is no clear pattern of changes in these cohort differences with age.

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File URL: http://www.econ.queensu.ca/working_papers/papers/qed_wp_1099.pdf
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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Queen's University, Department of Economics in its series Working Papers with number 1099.

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Length: 50 pages
Date of creation: Nov 2006
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Handle: RePEc:qed:wpaper:1099

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Related research
Keywords: gender earnings Canada professors faculty

Find related papers by JEL classification:
J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing

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References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Broder, Ivy E, 1993. "Professional Achievements and Gender Differences among Academic Economists," Economic Inquiry, Oxford University Press, vol. 31(1), pages 116-27, January.
  2. Nicole M. Fortin & Michael Huberman, 2002. "Occupational Gender Segregation and Women's Wages in Canada: An Historical Perspective," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 28(s1), pages 11-39, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Formby, John P & Gunther, William D & Sakano, Ryoichi, 1993. "Entry Level Salaries of Academic Economists: Does Gender or Age Matter?," Economic Inquiry, Oxford University Press, vol. 31(1), pages 128-38, January.
  4. Michael Baker & Nicole M. Fortin, 1999. "Women's Wages in Women's Work: A U.S./Canada Comparison of the Roles of Unions and "Public Goods" Sector Jobs," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 89(2), pages 198-203, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Paul Beaudry & David A. Green, 2000. "Cohort patterns in Canadian earnings: assessing the role of skill premia in inequality trends," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 33(4), pages 907-936, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  6. Ward, Melanie, 2001. "The Gender Salary Gap in British Academia," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 33(13), pages 1669-81, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Kunze, Astrid, 2002. "The Evolution of the Early Career Gender Wage," IZA Discussion Papers 436, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  8. Francine D. Blau & Lawrence M. Kahn, 2000. "Gender Differences in Pay," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 14(4), pages 75-99, Fall. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  9. John M. McDowell & Larry D. Singell Jr. & James P. Ziliak, 1999. "Cracks in the Glass Ceiling: Gender and Promotion in the Economics Profession," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 89(2), pages 392-396, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Claudia Goldin, 2002. "The Rising (and then Declining) Significance of Gender," NBER Working Papers 8915, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Ward, Melanie, 1999. "Salary and the Gender Salary Gap in the Academic Profession," IZA Discussion Papers 64, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  12. Sharon M. Oster & Daniel S. Hamermesh, 1998. "Aging And Productivity Among Economists," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 80(1), pages 154-156, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Marie Drolet, 2002. "Can the Workplace Explain Canadian Gender Pay Differentials?," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 28(s1), pages 41-63, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Barbezat, Debra A., 1991. "Updating estimates of male-female salary differentials in the academic labor market," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 191-195, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Kunze, Astrid, 2002. "The Evolution of the Early Career Gender Wage Gap," CEPR Discussion Papers 3242, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  16. David Blackaby & Alison L Booth & Jeff Frank, 2005. "Outside Offers And The Gender Pay Gap: Empirical Evidence From the UK Academic Labour Market," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 115(501), pages F81-F107, 02. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  17. Drolet, Marie, 2001. "The Persistent Gap: New Evidence on the Canadian Gender Wage Gap," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2001157e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch. [Downloadable!]
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