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Effort levels in contests: an empirical application of the Tullock model

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Author Info
Stephen Dobson
John Goddard
Frank Stahler

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Abstract

Empirical applications of the Tullock contest model are rare, due in part to the non-observability of effort. This paper presents an application of the standard Tullock model in a setting where effort can be observed and explained. A simple contest model is used to predict levels of effort in English soccer, with data on fouls and yellow and red cards used to reflect the effort of teams. Effort levels are found to be higher in matches between evenly balanced teams, and in matches with implications for end-of-season outcomes. The results suggest that the teams’ effort levels are strategic complements.

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File URL: http://www.ntu.ac.uk/research/document_uploads/85419.pdf
File Format: application/pdf
File Function: First version, 2008
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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham Business School, Economics Division in its series Working Papers with number 2008/9.

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Date of creation: Jul 2008
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Handle: RePEc:nbs:wpaper:2008/9

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Related research
Keywords: Tullock contest; team sport; strategic complements.;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Recreation; Tourism

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Bulow, Jeremy I & Geanakoplos, John D & Klemperer, Paul D, 1985. "Multimarket Oligopoly: Strategic Substitutes and Complements," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 93(3), pages 488-511, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Nitzan, Shmuel, 1991. "Collective Rent Dissipation," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 101(409), pages 1522-34, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Corchon, Luis C, 2000. " On the Allocative Effects of Rent Seeking," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 2(4), pages 483-91. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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