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The Causes and Consequences of Increased Female Education and Labor Force Participation in Developing Countries

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  • Rachel Heath
  • Seema Jayachandran

Abstract

Two important recent trends in most developing countries have are the rise in female labor force participation and the closing of gender gaps in school enrollment. This article begins by exploring the causes of the increases in female education, which include greater job availability and policy interventions that have promoted girls’ education. The article then explores the causes of increased female employment, which include a sectoral shift from “brawn-based” industries to services, as well as policies that have increased girls’ education. The article also discusses the effects of these increases in female education and labor supply, particularly for the well-being of women.

Suggested Citation

  • Rachel Heath & Seema Jayachandran, 2016. "The Causes and Consequences of Increased Female Education and Labor Force Participation in Developing Countries," NBER Working Papers 22766, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:22766
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    9. Tara Bedi & Anu Jose & Michael King, 2023. "Mental Accounting, Spousal Control and Intra-Household Communication: Evidence from an Experiment in India," Trinity Economics Papers TEP1323, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics.
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    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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