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Energy efficiency: what has research delivered in the last 40 years?

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  • Saunders, Harry D.
  • Roy, Joyashree
  • Azevedo, Inês M.L.
  • Chakravarty, Debalina
  • Dasgupta, Shyamasree
  • De La Rue Du Can, Stephane
  • Druckman, Angela
  • Fouquet, Roger
  • Grubb, Michael
  • Lin, Boqiang
  • Lowe, Robert
  • Madlener, Reinhard
  • McCoy, Daire M.
  • Mundaca, Luis
  • Oreszczyn, Tadj
  • Sorrell, Steven
  • Stern, David
  • Tanaka, Kanako
  • Wei, Taoyuan

Abstract

This article presents a critical assessment of 40 years of research that may be brought under the umbrella of energy efficiency, spanning different aggregations and domains-from individual producing and consuming agents to economy-wide effects to the role of innovation to the influence of policy. After 40 years of research, energy efficiency initiatives are generally perceived as highly effective. Innovation has contributed to lowering energy technology costs and increasing energy productivity. Energy efficiency programs in many cases have reduced energy use per unit of economic output and have been associated with net improvements in welfare, emission reductions, or both. Rebound effects at the macro level still warrant careful policy attention, as they may be nontrivial. Complexity of energy efficiency dynamics calls for further methodological and empirical advances, multidisciplinary approaches, and granular data at the service level for research in this field to be of greatest societal benefit.

Suggested Citation

  • Saunders, Harry D. & Roy, Joyashree & Azevedo, Inês M.L. & Chakravarty, Debalina & Dasgupta, Shyamasree & De La Rue Du Can, Stephane & Druckman, Angela & Fouquet, Roger & Grubb, Michael & Lin, Boqiang, 2021. "Energy efficiency: what has research delivered in the last 40 years?," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 114344, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    • Handle: RePEc:ehl:lserod:114344
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    efficiency policy; energy efficiency; energy efficiency gap; energy intensity; public policy; Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics and from the ESRC Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy (CCCEP) (ref. ES/R009708/1; UKRI/EPSRC under the Heat; Buildings; Digital and Flexibility Themes of the Centre for Energy Demand Solutions (CREDS) (ref. EP/R 035288/1).;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R14 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Land Use Patterns
    • J01 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics: General

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