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Trade Liberalization, the Exchange Rate and Job and Worker Flows in Brazil

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Author Info
Eduardo Pontual Ribeiro
Carlos H. Corseuil

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Abstract

Over the 1990’s Brazil experienced a massive trade liberalization and wide variation in the real exchange rate. At the same time, employment growth was small and in manufacturing there was a significant reduction in total manufacturing. The main goal of this article is to idntify the effects of the exchange rate and trade liberalization on job and worker flows in Brazil. Using a novel sector exchange rate measure, our results suggest that a depreciation of the exchange rate affects net employment growth by increasing job creation and hires, with no effect on job reallocation. Tariffs have no effect on job or worker flows, while import penetration decrease job growth by increasing job destruction. The results suggest that the exchange rate have a very important role on job and worker flows, even after controlling for openess and sector specificities

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Paper provided by Econometric Society in its series Econometric Society 2004 Latin American Meetings with number 296.

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Date of creation: 11 Aug 2004
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Handle: RePEc:ecm:latm04:296

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Related research
Keywords: job and worker flows ; trade liberalization ; exchange rate; Brazil;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions

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  1. John Haltiwanger, 2000. "Aggregate Growth: What Have We Learned from Microeconomic Evidence?," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 267, OECD, Economics Department. [Downloadable!]
  2. Boeri, Tito, 1996. "Is Job Turnover Countercyclical?," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 14(4), pages 603-25, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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    Other versions:
  4. Steve J. Davis & John Haltiwanger, 1991. "Gross Job Creation, Gross Job Destruction and Employment Reallocation," NBER Working Papers 3728, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Amann, Edmund & Baer, Werner, 2000. "The Illusion of Stability: The Brazilian Economy Under Cardoso," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 28(10), pages 1805-1819, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Sergei Soares & Luciana M. Santos Servo & Jorge Saba Arbache, 2001. "O que (não) Sabemos sobre a Relação entre Abertura Comercial e Mercado de Trabalho no Brasil," Anais do XXIX Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 29th Brazilian Economics Meeting] 048, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pósgraduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics]. [Downloadable!]
  7. Mortensen, Dale T. & Pissarides, Christopher A., 1999. "Job reallocation, employment fluctuations and unemployment," Handbook of Macroeconomics, in: J. B. Taylor & M. Woodford (ed.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 18, pages 1171-1228 Elsevier. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  8. Hamermesh, Daniel S. & Hassink, Wolter H.J. & Ours, Jan C. van, 1994. "Job turnover and labor turnover : a taxonomy of employment dynamics," Serie Research Memoranda 0050, VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Econometrics. [Downloadable!]
  9. Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas, 1998. "Exchange Rates and Jobs: What Do We Learn from Job Flows?," NBER Working Papers 6864, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  10. Moreira, Mauricio Mesquita & Correa, Paulo Guilherme, 1998. "A first look at the impacts of trade liberalization on Brazilian manufacturing industry," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(10), pages 1859-1874, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Olivier Blanchard & Pedro Portugal, 2001. "What Hides Behind an Unemployment Rate: Comparing Portuguese and U.S. Labor Markets," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(1), pages 187-207, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Fajnzylber, Pablo & Maloney, William F. & Ribeiro, Eduardo, 2001. "Firm entry and exit, labor demand, and trade reform : evidence from Chile and Colombia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2659, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  13. Steven J. Davis & John C. Haltiwanger & Scott Schuh, 1998. "Job Creation and Destruction," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262540932.
  14. Revenga, Ana L, 1992. "Exporting Jobs? The Impact of Import Competition on Employment and Wages in U.S. Manufacturing," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 107(1), pages 255-84, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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