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‘La Grande Boucle’: Determinants of Success at the Tour de France

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Author Info
Benno Torgler

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Abstract

Cycling has not been analyzed intensively in the economics of sports literature. This paper reports empirical evidence of individuals’ performances in the 2004 ‘Tour de France’. We investigate different performances such as total ranking, mountain ranking, time trial rankings as dependent variables and search for factors that shape riders’ performances. The results show that riders who were successful in previous Tours perform better than other participants. Team leaders are more successful, and a lower body-mass index leads to a better performance. We also observe differences among the participating countries. Finally, the results suggest that riders’ performances are influenced by their teammates.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA) in its series CREMA Working Paper Series with number 2004-22.

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Date of creation: Sep 2004
Date of revision: May 2005
Handle: RePEc:cra:wpaper:2004-22

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Related research
Keywords: sport; cycling tour; Tour de France; team effect;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Recreation; Tourism

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Sangit Chatterjee & Frederick Wiseman & Robert Perez, 2002. "Studying improved performance in golf," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 29(8), pages 1219-1227, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Benno Torgler, 2004. "‘Historical Excellence’ in Football World Cup Tournaments: Empirical Evidence with Data From 1930 to 2002," CREMA Working Paper Series 2004-18, Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA). [Downloadable!]
  3. Grier, Kevin B. & Tollison, Robert D., 1994. "The rookie draft and competitive balance: The case of professional football," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 25(2), pages 293-298, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Benno Torgler, 2004. "The Determinants of Women’s International Soccer Performances," CREMA Working Paper Series 2004-19, Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA). [Downloadable!]
  5. repec:fth:coluec:743 is not listed on IDEAS
  6. Andrew B. Bernard & Meghan R. Busse, 2004. "Who Wins the Olympic Games: Economic Resources and Medal Totals," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 86(1), pages 413-417, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Rosen, Sherwin, 1981. "The Economics of Superstars," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(5), pages 845-58, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Burdekin, Richard C K & Idson, Todd L, 1991. "Customer Preferences, Attendance and the Racial Structure of Professional Basketball Teams," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 23(1), pages 179-86, Part B, J.
  9. Idson, Todd L & Kahane, Leo H, 2000. "Team Effects on Compensation: An Application to Salary Determination in the National Hockey League," Economic Inquiry, Oxford University Press, vol. 38(2), pages 345-57, April.
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  10. Kahn, Lawrence M & Sherer, Peter D, 1988. "Racial Differences in Professional Basketball Players' Compensation," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 6(1), pages 40-61, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Preston, Ian & Szymanski, Stefan, 2000. "Racial Discrimination in English Football," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 47(4), pages 342-63, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Benno Torgler, 2004. "The Economics of the FIFA Football Worldcup," Kyklos, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 57(2), pages 287-300, 05. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Hoffman, Robert & Ging, Lee Chew & Ramasamy, Bala, 2002. "Public Policy and Olympic Success," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 9(8), pages 545-48, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Grier, Kevin B & Tollison, Robert D, 1990. "Arbitrage in a Basketball Economy," Kyklos, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 43(4), pages 611-24.
  15. Jan R. Magnus, Franc J. G. M. Klaassen, 1999. "The final set in a tennis match: four years at Wimbledon," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 26(4), pages 461-468, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  16. Feess, Eberhard & Muehlheusser, Gerd, 2003. "Transfer fee regulations in European football," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(4), pages 645-668, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  17. Hamilton, Jonathan & Romano, Richard E., 1998. "Equilibrium assignments in pairwise team contests: How to form political slates and tennis teams," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 101-114, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  18. Burtless, Gary, 1995. "The Case for Randomized Field Trials in Economic and Policy Research," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 9(2), pages 63-84, Spring. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  19. Robert Hoffmann & Lee Chew Ging & Bala Ramasamy, 2002. "The Socio-Economic Determinants of International Soccer Performance," Journal of Applied Economics, Universidad del CEMA, vol. 0, pages 253-272, November. [Downloadable!]
  20. R. Todd Jewell & Michael A. McPherson & David J. Molina, 2004. "Testing the Determinants of Income Distribution in Major League Baseball," Economic Inquiry, Oxford University Press, vol. 42(3), pages 469-482, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  21. McCormick, Robert E. & Tollison, Robert D., 2001. "Why do black basketball players work more for less money?," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 201-219, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  22. Gius, Mark & Johnson, Donn, 2000. "Race and Compensation in Professional Football," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 7(2), pages 73-75, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  23. Kahane, Leo H, 2001. "Team and Player Effects on NHL Player Salaries: A Hierarchical Linear Model Approach," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 8(9), pages 629-32, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Rebeggiani, Luca & Tondani, David, 2006. "Organisational Forms in Professional Cycling - Efficiency Issues of the UCI Pro Tour," Diskussionspapiere der Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Hannover dp-345, Universität Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät. [Downloadable!]
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