IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/bdr/borrec/1102.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Entendiendo, Modelando y Pronosticando el Efecto de “El Niño” Sobre los Precios de los Alimentos: El Caso Colombiano

Author

Listed:
  • Valeria Bejarano-Salcedo

    (Banco de la República de Colombia)

  • Juan Manuel Julio-Román

    (Banco de la República de Colombia)

  • Edgar Caicedo-García

    (Banco de la República de Colombia)

  • Julián Alonso Cárdenas-Cárdenas

    (Banco de la República de Colombia)

Abstract

Proponemos nuevos modelos para el efecto de “El Niño Southern Oscillation”, ENSO, sobre los precios de los alimentos en Colombia. Estudiamos el efecto del “Oceanic Niño Index”, ONI, la medida de ENSO preferida, y de las precipitaciones locales sobre los precios de los alimentos perecederos. Estos modelos surgen de hechos estilizados conocidos, los cuales resumimos en este escrito, y admiten representaciones tiempo-variantes espacio-estado, de las que derivamos las reglas ´optimas de pron´ostico. Encontramos que una funci´on de transferencia simple, condicional a la intensidad de ENSO, es suficiente para explicar estas relaciones. En adici´on al bien conocido hecho que la Ni˜na tiene un efecto distinto al del Ni˜no sobre los precios de los alimentos, tambi´en hallamos que el efecto de ENSO cambia con su intensidad. Reconocer que el ONI es un indicador imperfecto de las condiciones clim´aticas locales mejora el ajuste de nuestro modelo, lo cual se refleja en sus pron´osticos. El modelo para la precipitaci´on, sin embargo, no necesita de este recurso. Tambi´en surgen ganancias en eficiencia debido al modelamiento de la heterocedasticidad. Finalmente, estos modelos pueden servir para entender el efecto de ENSO en otras variables como el PIB. **** ABSTRACT: We propose models for the effect of El Ni˜no Southern Oscillation, ENSO, on food prices. We study the effect of the Oceanic Ni˜no Index, ONI, the preferred ENSO measure, and rainfall on fresh food prices. These models arise from well known stylized facts, which we summarize in this paper, and have time-varying state space forms from which we derive optimal forecasts. We found that a simple transfer function, conditional on ENSO intensity, suffices to model these relationships. In addition to the well known fact that Ni˜nas’ effect on food prices differs from Ni˜nos’ effect, we also found that ENSO’s effect varies with its intensity. Furthermore, acknowledging that ONI is an imperfect measure of local climatic conditions improves the model fit, which yields sensible forecasts. The rainfall-based model, however, does not employ this methodology. We also report efficiency gains from heteroskedasticity modelling. Finally, these models may also serve to study ENSO effect on other variables such as the GDP.

Suggested Citation

  • Valeria Bejarano-Salcedo & Juan Manuel Julio-Román & Edgar Caicedo-García & Julián Alonso Cárdenas-Cárdenas, 2020. "Entendiendo, Modelando y Pronosticando el Efecto de “El Niño” Sobre los Precios de los Alimentos: El Caso Colombiano," Borradores de Economia 1102, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:1102
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.32468/be.1102
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.32468/be.1102
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/https://doi.org/10.32468/be.1102?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chimeli, Ariaster B. & De Souza Filho, Francisco De Assis & Holanda, Marcos Costa & Petterini, Francis Carlo, 2008. "Forecasting the impacts of climate variability: lessons from the rainfed corn market in Ceará, Brazil," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 13(2), pages 201-227, April.
    2. Berry, Brian J.L. & Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam, 2008. "Are there ENSO signals in the macroeconomy," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(3), pages 625-633, January.
    3. Harvey,Andrew C., 1991. "Forecasting, Structural Time Series Models and the Kalman Filter," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521405737.
    4. Mr. Jaromir Benes & Mr. Papa M N'Diaye, 2004. "A Multivariate Filter for Measuring Potential Output and the NAIRU Application to the Czech Republic," IMF Working Papers 2004/045, International Monetary Fund.
    5. Davinson Stev Abril Salcedo & Luis Fernando Melo Velandia & Daniel Parra Amado, 2015. "Impactos de los fenómenos climáticos sobre el precio de los alimentos en Colombia," Borradores de Economia 13648, Banco de la Republica.
    6. Ubilava, David & holt, Matt, 2013. "El Ni~no southern oscillation and its effects on world vegetable oil prices: assessing asymmetries using smooth transition models," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 57(2), pages 1-25.
    7. Laurence Ball & N. Gregory Mankiw, 1995. "Relative-Price Changes as Aggregate Supply Shocks," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 110(1), pages 161-193.
    8. David Ubilava, 2012. "Modeling Nonlinearities in the U.S. Soybean‐to‐Corn Price Ratio: A Smooth Transition Autoregression Approach," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(1), pages 29-41, January.
    9. Aoki, Kosuke, 2001. "Optimal monetary policy responses to relative-price changes," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 55-80, August.
    10. Davinson Stev Abril‐Salcedo & Luis Fernando Melo‐Velandia & Daniel Parra‐Amado, 2020. "Nonlinear relationship between the weather phenomenon El niño and Colombian food prices," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 64(4), pages 1059-1086, October.
    11. Mr. Alfredo Cuevas & Secil Topak, 2008. "Monetary Policy and Relative Price Shocks in South Africa and Other Inflation Targeters," IMF Working Papers 2008/289, International Monetary Fund.
    12. Gordon, Robert J, 1990. "What Is New-Keynesian Economics?," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 28(3), pages 1115-1171, September.
    13. Allan D. Brunner, 2002. "El Niño and World Primary Commodity Prices: Warm Water or Hot Air?," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 84(1), pages 176-183, February.
    14. Robert J. Gordon, 1985. "Understanding Inflation in the 1980s," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 16(1), pages 263-302.
    15. Daniel Parra-Amado & Davinson Stev Abril-Salcedo & Luis Fernando Melo-Velandia, 2016. "Impactos de los fenómenos climáticos sobre el precio de los alimentos en Colombia," Revista ESPE - Ensayos sobre Política Económica, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, vol. 34(80), pages 146-158, June.
    16. Juan Manuel Julio & Héctor Manuel Zárate & Manuel Hernández, 2010. "The Stickiness of Colombian Consumer Prices," Revista ESPE - Ensayos sobre Política Económica, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, vol. 28(63), pages 100-153, December.
    17. Luciano Gutierrez, 2017. "Impacts of El Niño-Southern Oscillation on the wheat market: A global dynamic analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(6), pages 1-22, June.
    18. Julio, Juan Manuel, 2009. "The HPD Fan ChartT With Data Revision," MPRA Paper 29141, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Davinson Stev Abril‐Salcedo & Luis Fernando Melo‐Velandia & Daniel Parra‐Amado, 2020. "Nonlinear relationship between the weather phenomenon El niño and Colombian food prices," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 64(4), pages 1059-1086, October.
    2. Daniel Parra-Amado & Davinson Stev Abril-Salcedo & Luis Fernando Melo-Velandia, 2016. "Impactos de los fenómenos climáticos sobre el precio de los alimentos en Colombia," Revista ESPE - Ensayos sobre Política Económica, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, vol. 34(80), pages 146-158, June.
    3. Luis Fernando Melo‐Velandia & Camilo Andrés Orozco‐Vanegas & Daniel Parra‐Amado, 2022. "Extreme weather events and high Colombian food prices: A non‐stationary extreme value approach," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 53(S1), pages 21-40, November.
    4. José Vicente Romero & Sara Naranjo-Saldarriaga, 2022. "Weather Shocks and Inflation Expectations in Semi-Structural Models," Borradores de Economia 1218, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    5. Bejarano-Salcedo, Valeria & Cárdenas-Cárdenas, Julián Alonso & Julio-Román, Juan Manuel & Caicedo-García, Edgar, 2020. "Entendiendo, Modelando y Pronosticando los efectos de "El Niño" sobre los precios de los alimentos: el caso colombiano," Working papers 50, Red Investigadores de Economía.
    6. David Ubilava, 2012. "El Niño, La Niña, and world coffee price dynamics," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 43(1), pages 17-26, January.
    7. Atems, Bebonchu & Sardar, Naafey, 2021. "Exploring asymmetries in the effects of El Niño-Southern Oscillation on U.S. food and agricultural stock prices," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 1-14.
    8. Ubilava, David, 2013. "El Niño Southern Oscillation and Primary Agricultural Commodity Prices: Causal Inferences from Smooth Transition Models," 2013 Conference (57th), February 5-8, 2013, Sydney, Australia 152202, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    9. Davinson Stev Abril Salcedo & Luis Fernando Melo Velandia & Daniel Parra Amado, 2015. "Impactos de los fenómenos climáticos sobre el precio de los alimentos en Colombia," Borradores de Economia 13648, Banco de la Republica.
    10. David Ubilava & Matt Holt, 2013. "El Niño southern oscillation and its effects on world vegetable oil prices: assessing asymmetries using smooth transition models," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 57(2), pages 273-297, April.
    11. David Ubilava & Matt Holt, 2013. "El Niño southern oscillation and its effects on world vegetable oil prices: assessing asymmetries using smooth transition models," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 57(2), pages 273-297, April.
    12. David Ubilava, 2014. "El Niño Southern Oscillation and the fishmeal–soya bean meal price ratio: regime-dependent dynamics revisited," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 41(4), pages 583-604.
    13. Wei, Yu & Zhang, Jiahao & Chen, Yongfei & Wang, Yizhi, 2022. "The impacts of El Niño-southern oscillation on renewable energy stock markets: Evidence from quantile perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    14. Massimo Peri, 2017. "Climate variability and the volatility of global maize and soybean prices," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 9(4), pages 673-683, August.
    15. Peri, Massimo, 2015. "Cliamte Variability and Agricultural Price volatility: the case of corn and soybeans," 2015 Conference, August 9-14, 2015, Milan, Italy 212623, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    16. Smith, Sarah C. & Ubilava, David, 2017. "The El Niño Southern Oscillation and Economic Growth in the Developing World," Working Papers 2017-11, University of Sydney, School of Economics, revised May 2017.
    17. Villa-Loaiza, Carlos & Taype-Huaman, Irvin & Benavides-Franco, Julián & Buenaventura-Vera, Guillermo & Carabalí-Mosquera, Jaime, 2023. "Does climate impact the relationship between the energy price and the stock market? The Colombian case," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 336(C).
    18. Zhu, Yichen & Ghoshray, Atanu, 2021. "Climate Anomalies and Its Impact on U.S. Corn and Soybean Prices," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315271, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    19. Andrea Bastianin & Alessandro Lanza & Matteo Manera, 2018. "Economic impacts of El Niño southern oscillation: evidence from the Colombian coffee market," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 49(5), pages 623-633, September.
    20. Jesse B. Tack & David Ubilava, 2015. "Climate and agricultural risk: measuring the effect of ENSO on U.S. crop insurance," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 46(2), pages 245-257, March.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Inflación de Alimentos; El Niño; Pronóstico de la Inflación; Política Monetaria; Food inflation; “El Niño”; Inflation forecasting; Monetary Policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Prediction Models; Simulation Methods
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E37 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:1102. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Clorith Angélica Bahos Olivera (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/brcgvco.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.