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Convergence of per capita sulphur dioxide emissions across US states

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  • James E. Payne
  • Stephanie Miller
  • Junsoo Lee
  • Myeong Hyeon Cho

Abstract

This study examines the stochastic conditional convergence of sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) emissions using the Residual Augmented Least Squares--Lagrange Multiplier (RALS--LM) unit root test with structural breaks. This procedure allows the data to account for trend breaks and nonnormal errors that have been ignored or deemphasized in previous studies. The study finds that per capita sulphur dioxide emissions exhibits stochastic conditional convergence across US states.

Suggested Citation

  • James E. Payne & Stephanie Miller & Junsoo Lee & Myeong Hyeon Cho, 2014. "Convergence of per capita sulphur dioxide emissions across US states," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(11), pages 1202-1211, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:46:y:2014:i:11:p:1202-1211
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2013.868588
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    5. Apergis, Nicholas & Payne, James E., 2017. "Per capita carbon dioxide emissions across U.S. states by sector and fossil fuel source: Evidence from club convergence tests," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 365-372.
    6. Jian-Xin Wu & Ling-Yun He & ZhongXiang Zhang, 2019. "Does China Fall into Poverty-Environment Traps? Evidence from Long-term Income Dynamics and Urban Air Pollution," Working Papers 2019.05, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
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    8. Cai, Yifei & Menegaki, Angeliki N., 2019. "Fourier quantile unit root test for the integrational properties of clean energy consumption in emerging economies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 324-334.
    9. de Lucas-Santos, Sonia & Delgado-Rodríguez, María Jesús & Cabezas-Ares, Alfredo, 2021. "Cyclical convergence in per capita carbon dioxide emission in US states: A dynamic unobserved component approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    10. Hooi Hooi Lean & Vinod Mishra & Russell Smyth, 2016. "Conditional convergence in US disaggregated petroleum consumption at the sector level," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(32), pages 3049-3061, July.
    11. Yu-Chen Zhang & Deng-Kui Si & Bing Zhao, 2020. "The Convergence of Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2 ) Emissions Per Capita in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-33, February.
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    13. Diego Romero-Ávila & Tolga Omay, 2023. "Convergence of GHGs emissions in the long-run: aerosol precursors, reactive gases and aerosols—a nonlinear panel approach," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(11), pages 12303-12337, November.
    14. Mishra, Vinod & Smyth, Russell, 2017. "Conditional convergence in Australia's energy consumption at the sector level," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 396-403.
    15. Bhattacharya, Mita & Inekwe, John N. & Sadorsky, Perry, 2020. "Consumption-based and territory-based carbon emissions intensity: Determinants and forecasting using club convergence across countries," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    16. Joshua C. Hall & Christopher Shultz & E. Frank Stephenson, 2018. "The political economy of local fracking bans," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 42(2), pages 397-408, April.
    17. Belloc, Ignacio & Molina, José Alberto, 2023. "Are greenhouse gas emissions converging in Latin America? Implications for environmental policies," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 337-356.
    18. Liu, Chang & Hong, Tao & Li, Huaifeng & Wang, Lili, 2018. "From club convergence of per capita industrial pollutant emissions to industrial transfer effects: An empirical study across 285 cities in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 300-313.
    19. Belloc, Ignacio & Molina, José Alberto, 2022. "Are greenhouse gas emissions converging in Latin America?," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1037, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    20. Yongqing Nan & Qin Li & Jinxiang Yu & Haiya Cai & Qin Zhou, 2020. "Has the emissions intensity of industrial sulphur dioxide converged? New evidence from China’s prefectural cities with dynamic spatial panel models," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(6), pages 5337-5369, August.

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