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The real effects of capital requirements and monetary policy: Evidence from the United Kingdom

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  • De Marco, Filippo
  • Kneer, Christiane
  • Wieladek, Tomasz

Abstract

We examine how changes in capital requirements and monetary policy shocks affect corporate investment during a credit boom. Our empirical analysis uses data on SMEs in the UK between 1998 and 2006, a period when monetary policy and microprudential regulation were set by independent institutions. We find that an increase in bank-specific capital requirements led to a contraction in corporate debt and investment, but only for firms with short bank relationships. This suggests that relationships between firms and banks are crucial for the transmission of regulatory shocks. Long relationships also attenuate the impact of monetary policy shocks, but to a smaller degree than for capital requirement changes. We also find that the two policies do not dampen or amplify the effect of each other, but their effects vary with the size of banks’ capital buffers and the creditworthiness of firms.

Suggested Citation

  • De Marco, Filippo & Kneer, Christiane & Wieladek, Tomasz, 2021. "The real effects of capital requirements and monetary policy: Evidence from the United Kingdom," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:133:y:2021:i:c:s0378426621001965
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2021.106237
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    13. Marina-Eliza Spaliara & Serafeim Tsoukas & Paul Lavery, 2021. "Private equity and bank capital requirements: Evidence from European firms," Working Papers 2021_11, Business School - Economics, University of Glasgow.
    14. Konstantin Makrelov & Rob Davies & Laurence Harris, 2021. "The impact of higher leverage ratios on the South African economy," Studies in Economics and Econometrics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(3), pages 184-207, July.
    15. de-Ramon, Sebastian J.A. & Francis, William B. & Harris, Qun, 2022. "Bank-specific capital requirements and capital management from 1989-2013: Further evidence from the UK," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
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    17. Acosta-Smith, Jonathan & Arnould, Guillaume & Milonas, Kristoffer & Vo, Quynh-Anh, 2019. "Capital and liquidity interaction in banking," Bank of England working papers 840, Bank of England, revised 22 Jun 2020.
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    19. De Jonghe, Olivier & Dewachter, Hans & Ongena, Steven, 2020. "Bank capital (requirements) and credit supply: Evidence from pillar 2 decisions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    20. Tuuli, Saara, 2019. "Model-based regulation and firms' access to finance," Research Discussion Papers 4/2019, Bank of Finland.
    21. Matthieu Bussière & Jin Cao & Jakob de Haan & Robert Hills & Simon Lloyd & Baptiste Meunier & Justine Pedrono & Dennis Reinhardt & Sonalika Sinha & Rhiannon Sowerbutts & Konstantin Styrin, 2021. "The interaction between macroprudential policy and monetary policy: Overview," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(1), pages 1-19, February.
    22. Imbierowicz, Björn & Löffler, Axel & Vogel, Ursula, 2019. "The transmission of bank capital requirements and monetary policy to bank lending," Discussion Papers 49/2019, Deutsche Bundesbank.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Capital requirements; Monetary policy shocks; Real effects; Relationship lending;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers

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