IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/iwhdps/142018.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Basel III capital requirements and heterogeneous banks

Author

Listed:
  • Müller, Carola

Abstract

I develop a theoretical model to examine the effect of capital requirements on risk taking and market structure of banks. Within a portfolio choice model, I allow for heterogeneous productivity among banks and consider the simultaneous capital regulation with a leverage ratio and a risk-weighted ratio. Regulators face a trade-off between the efficient allocation of resources and financial stability. In an oligopolistic market, risk-weighted requirements incentivise banks with high productivity to lend to low-risk firms. When a leverage ratio is introduced, these banks lose market shares to less productive competitors and react with risk-shifting into high-risk loans. While average productivity in the low-risk market falls, market shares in the high-risk market are dispersed across new entrants with high as well as low productivity.

Suggested Citation

  • Müller, Carola, 2018. "Basel III capital requirements and heterogeneous banks," IWH Discussion Papers 14/2018, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), revised 2018.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:iwhdps:142018
    Note: A completely revised version of this paper has been published as Müller, Carola: Capital Requirements, Market Structure, and Heterogeneous Banks. IWH Discussion Papers 15/2022. Halle (Saale) 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10419/256924
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/184998/1/iwh-dp-2018-14.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Blum, Jürg M., 2008. "Why 'Basel II' may need a leverage ratio restriction," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(8), pages 1699-1707, August.
    2. Hakenes, Hendrik & Schnabel, Isabel, 2011. "Bank size and risk-taking under Basel II," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 1436-1449, June.
    3. Leonardo Gambacorta & Sudipto Karmakar, 2018. "Leverage and Risk-Weighted Capital Requirements," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 14(5), pages 153-191, December.
    4. Rabah Amir & Val E. Lambson, 2000. "On the Effects of Entry in Cournot Markets," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 67(2), pages 235-254.
    5. Jayaratne, Jith & Strahan, Philip E, 1998. "Entry Restrictions, Industry Evolution, and Dynamic Efficiency: Evidence from Commercial Banking," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 41(1), pages 239-273, April.
    6. Demsetz, Harold, 1973. "Industry Structure, Market Rivalry, and Public Policy," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 16(1), pages 1-9, April.
    7. Berger, Allen N. & Bonaccorsi di Patti, Emilia, 2006. "Capital structure and firm performance: A new approach to testing agency theory and an application to the banking industry," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 1065-1102, April.
    8. Fiordelisi, Franco & Marques-Ibanez, David & Molyneux, Phil, 2011. "Efficiency and risk in European banking," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 1315-1326, May.
    9. Allen, Franklin & Gale, Douglas, 2004. "Competition and Financial Stability," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 36(3), pages 453-480, June.
    10. Repullo, Rafael & Suarez, Javier, 2004. "Loan pricing under Basel capital requirements," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 496-521, October.
    11. Koehn, Michael & Santomero, Anthony M, 1980. "Regulation of Bank Capital and Portfolio Risk," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 35(5), pages 1235-1244, December.
    12. Berger, Allen N. & Hunter, William C. & Timme, Stephen G., 1993. "The efficiency of financial institutions: A review and preview of research past, present and future," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(2-3), pages 221-249, April.
    13. Smith, Jonathan Acosta & Grill, Michael & Lang, Jan Hannes, 2017. "The leverage ratio, risk-taking and bank stability," Working Paper Series 2079, European Central Bank.
    14. Marc J. Melitz, 2003. "The Impact of Trade on Intra-Industry Reallocations and Aggregate Industry Productivity," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 71(6), pages 1695-1725, November.
    15. Michael Brei & Leonardo Gambacorta, 2016. "Are bank capital ratios pro-cyclical? New evidence and perspectives," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 31(86), pages 357-403.
    16. repec:bla:jfinan:v:43:y:1988:i:5:p:1219-33 is not listed on IDEAS
    17. Ho-Mou Wu & Yue Zhao, 2016. "Optimal Leverage Ratio and Capital Requirements with Limited Regulatory Power," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 20(6), pages 2125-2150.
    18. Delis, Manthos D. & Tran, Kien C. & Tsionas, Efthymios G., 2012. "Quantifying and explaining parameter heterogeneity in the capital regulation-bank risk nexus," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 8(2), pages 57-68.
    19. Yener Altunbas & Santiago Carbo & Edward P.M. Gardener & Philip Molyneux, 2007. "Examining the Relationships between Capital, Risk and Efficiency in European Banking," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 13(1), pages 49-70, January.
    20. Barth, Andreas & Seckinger, Christian, 2018. "Capital regulation with heterogeneous banks – Unintended consequences of a too strict leverage ratio," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 455-465.
    21. VanHoose, David, 2007. "Theories of bank behavior under capital regulation," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(12), pages 3680-3697, December.
    22. Xavier Vives, 2001. "Competition in the Changing World of Banking," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 17(4), pages 535-547.
    23. Xavier Vives, 2001. "Oligopoly Pricing: Old Ideas and New Tools," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 026272040x, April.
    24. Anat R. Admati & Peter M. DeMarzo & Martin F. Hellwig & Paul Pfleiderer, 2013. "Fallacies, Irrelevant Facts, and Myths in the Discussion of Capital Regulation: Why Bank Equity is Not Socially Expensive," Discussion Paper Series of the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods 2013_23, Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Xing, Xiaoyun & Wang, Mingsong & Wang, Yougui & Stanley, H. Eugene, 2020. "Credit creation under multiple banking regulations: The impact of balance sheet diversity on money supply," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 720-735.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Müller, Carola, 2022. "Capital requirements, market structure, and heterogeneous banks," IWH Discussion Papers 15/2022, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH).
    2. Douglas da Rosa München & Herbert Kimura, 2020. "Regulatory Banking Leverage: what do you know?," Working Papers Series 540, Central Bank of Brazil, Research Department.
    3. Baselga-Pascual, Laura & Trujillo-Ponce, Antonio & Cardone-Riportella, Clara, 2015. "Factors influencing bank risk in Europe: Evidence from the financial crisis," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 138-166.
    4. Ashraf, Badar Nadeem & Zheng, Changjun & Jiang, Chonghui & Qian, Ningyu, 2020. "Capital regulation, deposit insurance and bank risk: International evidence from normal and crisis periods," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    5. Bitar, Mohammad & Saad, Wadad & Benlemlih, Mohammed, 2016. "Bank risk and performance in the MENA region: The importance of capital requirements," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 40(3), pages 398-421.
    6. Bitar, Mohammad & Pukthuanthong, Kuntara & Walker, Thomas, 2018. "The effect of capital ratios on the risk, efficiency and profitability of banks: Evidence from OECD countries," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 227-262.
    7. Barbara Casu & Claudia Girardone & Philip Molyneux, 2012. "Is There a Conflict between Competition and Financial Stability?," Chapters, in: James R. Barth & Chen Lin & Clas Wihlborg (ed.), Research Handbook on International Banking and Governance, chapter 3, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    8. Zhang, Jianhua & Jiang, Chunxia & Qu, Baozhi & Wang, Peng, 2013. "Market concentration, risk-taking, and bank performance: Evidence from emerging economies," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 149-157.
    9. El Moussawi, Chawki & Mansour, Rana, 2022. "Competition, cost efficiency and stability of banks in the MENA region," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 143-170.
    10. Christian Hott, 2022. "Leverage and Risk Taking under Moral Hazard," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 61(2), pages 167-185, April.
    11. Salma Louati & Younes Boujelbene, 2021. "Basel Regulations and Banks’ Risk-efficiency Nexus: Evidence from Dynamic Simultaneous-equation Models," Journal of African Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 578-602, October.
    12. Do Van Anh,, 2022. "Does better capitalization enhance bank efficiency and limit risk taking? Evidence from ASEAN commercial banks," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    13. Berardi, Simone & Marcelletti, Alessandra, 2017. "Optimal Bank Capital Requirements: An Asymmetric Information Perspective," LEAP Working Papers 2017/2, Luiss Institute for European Analysis and Policy.
    14. Conlon, Thomas & Cotter, John & Molyneux, Philip, 2020. "Beyond common equity: The influence of secondary capital on bank insolvency risk," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    15. Bitar, Mohammad & Pukthuanthong, Kuntara & Walker, Thomas, 2020. "Efficiency in Islamic vs. conventional banking: The role of capital and liquidity," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 46(C).
    16. Mohammad Bitar & M. Kabir Hassan & Kuntara Pukthuanthong & Thomas Walker, 2018. "The Performance of Islamic Vs. Conventional Banks: Evidence on the Suitability of the Basel Capital Ratios," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 29(5), pages 1003-1038, November.
    17. Neamtu, Ioana & Vo, Quynh-Anh, 2021. "Capital allocation, the leverage ratio requirement," Bank of England working papers 956, Bank of England.
    18. Biswa Swarup Misra & Paolo Coccorese, 2022. "Market power, efficiency and stability of Indian banks," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 55(4), pages 2263-2292, November.
    19. Barth, Andreas & Seckinger, Christian, 2018. "Capital regulation with heterogeneous banks – Unintended consequences of a too strict leverage ratio," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 455-465.
    20. Timothy King & Jonathan Williams, 2013. "Bank Efficiency and Executive Compensation," Working Papers 13009, Bangor Business School, Prifysgol Bangor University (Cymru / Wales).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    banking regulation; heterogeneous banks; banking competition; capital requirements; leverage ratio; Basel III;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:zbw:iwhdps:142018. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/iwhhhde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.