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Bedeutung digitaler Infrastrukturen und Dienste und Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Resilienz in Krisenzeiten

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  • Briglauer, Wolfgang
  • Stocker, Volker

Abstract

In der gegenwärtigen COVID-19 Krise wurde die wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Rolle von modernen und leistungsfähigen Internetinfrastrukturen und darauf basierenden Diensten besonders deutlich. So haben eine Reihe von Diensten, etwa im Bereich der Ausbildung ("e-learning" und "e-teaching"), des Gesundheits- oder Verwaltungswesens ("e-health" und "e-government"), des wirtschaftlichen Handelns ("e-commerce") sowie der räumlich flexiblen Arbeitszeitgestaltung ("Telearbeit"), eine besonders wichtige Rolle für die Aufrechterhaltung wesentlicher Wirtschafts- und Lebensbereiche während der Phase teils strenger Lockdownmaßnahmen im Frühjahr 2020 gespielt. Mit dieser gesamtwirtschaftlich bedeutenden Resilienzwirkung in Form einer substanziellen Abfederung des Rückgangs der wirtschaftlichen Gesamtleistung sowie einer in weiterer Folge schnelleren Konjunkturerholung geht eine bislang noch weitgehend unerforschte, jedoch potenziell besonders hohe positive Auswirkung von modernen Infrastrukturen und Online-Diensten einher. Die in nationalen und EU weiten Breitbandzielen zum Ausdruck gebrachte generelle Bedeutung von digitalen Infrastrukturen und Online-Diensten wurde in den vorliegenden Forschungsergebnissen sowohl für einfaches Internet (Basisbreitband) als auch für schnelles Internet (Hochbreitband) bestätigt. In diesem Sinne sind auch die in den Breitbandzielen formulierten Vollversorgungsziele für alle Haushalte und Unternehmen und die damit einhergehenden Fördermaßnahmen zum Ausbau von Hochbreitbandnetzen nicht nur aus verteilungspolitischen Gründen (Verringerung einer gesellschaftlichen und räumlichen "digitalen Kluft") positiv zu bewerten, sondern auch aus ökonomischen Effizienzüberlegungen zu rechtfertigen. In Hinblick auf die Unterscheidung von städtischen und ländlichen Gebieten zeigt sich, dass Letztere im besonderen Maße von den positiven Auswirkungen von Hochbreitband profitiert haben, was entsprechend zur Verringerung der räumlichen digitalen Kluft beiträgt. (...)

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  • Briglauer, Wolfgang & Stocker, Volker, 2020. "Bedeutung digitaler Infrastrukturen und Dienste und Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Resilienz in Krisenzeiten," Policy Notes 42, EcoAustria – Institute for Economic Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ecoapn:42
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    1. Schwarzbauer, Wolfgang & Koch, Philipp, 2020. "Freihandel und Wohlstand gehen zusammen," Policy Notes 43, EcoAustria – Institute for Economic Research.

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