IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/rsi/creeic/2107.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Low Demand for Reverse Mortgages in Canada: Price, Knowledge or Preferences?

Author

Listed:
  • Ismaël Choinière Crèvecoeur
  • Pierre-Carl Michaud

Abstract

High borrowing costs, limited knowledge and preferences could explain why few Canadians purchase reverse mortgages, an asset decumulation product that is appealing to those who are house-rich but cash-poor. In this paper, we first use an asset pricing model to calculate the actuarial fair costs of guarantees built into reverse mortgage products in Canada and compare those estimates to prevailing interest rates in the market for these products. We also investigate whether Canadians understand reverse mortgages and whether low demand originates on the preference side by conducting a stated-preference experiment with 3000 Canadians. We manipulate characteristics of reverse mortgages, including the interest rate, to tease out how sensitive Canadians are to these characteristics. Our results suggest that observed interest rates are high relative to actuarially fair rates and that consumers are somewhat price sensitive in addition to demonstrating little knowledge of these products and low demand overall.

Suggested Citation

  • Ismaël Choinière Crèvecoeur & Pierre-Carl Michaud, 2021. "Low Demand for Reverse Mortgages in Canada: Price, Knowledge or Preferences?," Cahiers de recherche / Working Papers 2107, Chaire de recherche sur les enjeux économiques intergénérationnels / Research Chair in Intergenerational Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:rsi:creeic:2107
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://creei.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/cahier_21_07_low_demand_reverse_mortgages_canada_price_knowledge_preferences.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sharon S Yang, 2011. "Securitisation and Tranching Longevity and House Price Risk for Reverse Mortgage Products," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 36(4), pages 648-674, October.
    2. Boyer, M. Martin & Box-Couillard, Sébastien & Michaud, Pierre-Carl, 2020. "Demand for annuities: Price sensitivity, risk perceptions, and knowledge," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 883-902.
    3. Shao, Adam W. & Hanewald, Katja & Sherris, Michael, 2015. "Reverse mortgage pricing and risk analysis allowing for idiosyncratic house price risk and longevity risk," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 76-90.
    4. Thomas Davidoff, 2009. "Housing, Health, and Annuities," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 76(1), pages 31-52, March.
    5. Daniel Alai & Hua Chen & Daniel Cho & Katja Hanewald & Michael Sherris, 2014. "Developing Equity Release Markets: Risk Analysis for Reverse Mortgages and Home Reversions," North American Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(1), pages 217-241.
    6. Davidoff, Thomas, 2010. "Home equity commitment and long-term care insurance demand," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(1-2), pages 44-49, February.
    7. Martin Salm, 2010. "Subjective mortality expectations and consumption and saving behaviours among the elderly," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 43(3), pages 1040-1057, August.
    8. Johnny Siu‐Hang Li & Mary R. Hardy & Ken Seng Tan, 2010. "On Pricing and Hedging the No‐Negative‐Equity Guarantee in Equity Release Mechanisms," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 77(2), pages 499-522, June.
    9. Steven F. Venti & David A. Wise, 2004. "Aging and Housing Equity: Another Look," NBER Chapters, in: Perspectives on the Economics of Aging, pages 127-180, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Chen, Hua & Cox, Samuel H. & Wang, Shaun S., 2010. "Is the Home Equity Conversion Mortgage in the United States sustainable? Evidence from pricing mortgage insurance premiums and non-recourse provisions using the conditional Esscher transform," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(2), pages 371-384, April.
    11. Jennifer L Wang & Ming-hua Hsieh & Yu-fen Chiu, 2011. "Using Reverse Mortgages to Hedge Longevity and Financial Risks for Life Insurers: A Generalised Immunisation Approach," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 36(4), pages 697-717, October.
    12. Makoto Nakajima & Irina A. Telyukova, 2017. "Reverse Mortgage Loans: A Quantitative Analysis," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 72(2), pages 911-950, April.
    13. Hong-Chih Huang & Chou-Wen Wang & Yuan-Chi Miao, 2011. "Securitisation of Crossover Risk in Reverse Mortgages," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 36(4), pages 622-647, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hambel, Christoph & Kraft, Holger & Meyer-Wehmann, André, 2023. "When should retirees tap their home equity?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    2. Hambel, Christoph & Kraft, Holger & Meyer-Wehmann, André, 2023. "When should retirees tap their home equity?," Other publications TiSEM e3ca270a-8fec-4000-a3ab-c, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ismaël Choinière Crèvecoeur & Pierre-Carl Michaud, 2021. "Low Demand for Reverse Mortgages in Canada: Price, Knowledge or Preferences?," Cahiers de recherche / Working Papers 2107, Chaire de recherche sur les enjeux économiques intergénérationnels / Research Chair in Intergenerational Economics.
    2. Tsai, Pei-Hsuan & Wang, Ying-Wei & Chang, Wen-Chang, 2023. "Hybrid MADM-based study of key risk factors in house-for-pension reverse mortgage lending in Taiwan's banking industry," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    3. Ismael Choinière-Crèvecoeur & Pierre-Carl Michaud, 2023. "Reverse Mortgages and Financial Literacy," CIRANO Working Papers 2023s-06, CIRANO.
    4. Badescu, Alexandru & Quaye, Enoch & Tunaru, Radu, 2022. "On non-negative equity guarantee calculations with macroeconomic variables related to house prices," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 119-138.
    5. Blake, David & Cairns, Andrew J.G., 2021. "Longevity risk and capital markets: The 2019-20 update," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 395-439.
    6. V. D’Amato & E. Lorenzo & S. Haberman & M. Sibillo & R. Tizzano, 2021. "Pension schemes versus real estate," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 299(1), pages 797-809, April.
    7. Emilia Lorenzo & Gabriella Piscopo & Marilena Sibillo & Roberto Tizzano, 2021. "Reverse mortgages through artificial intelligence: new opportunities for the actuaries," Decisions in Economics and Finance, Springer;Associazione per la Matematica, vol. 44(1), pages 23-35, June.
    8. Lee, Yung-Tsung & Kung, Ko-Lun & Liu, I-Chien, 2018. "Profitability and risk profile of reverse mortgages: A cross-system and cross-plan comparison," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 255-266.
    9. Shao, Adam W. & Chen, Hua & Sherris, Michael, 2019. "To borrow or insure? Long term care costs and the impact of housing," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 15-34.
    10. Blake, David & El Karoui, Nicole & Loisel, Stéphane & MacMinn, Richard, 2018. "Longevity risk and capital markets: The 2015–16 update," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 157-173.
    11. Tripti Sharma & Declan French & Donal McKillop, 2022. "Risk and Equity Release Mortgages in the UK," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 274-297, February.
    12. Fuente, Iván de la & Navarro, Eliseo & Serna, Gregorio, 2021. "Estimating regulatory capital requirements for reverse mortgages. An international comparison," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 239-252.
    13. Shi, Tianxiang & Lee, Yung-Tsung, 2021. "Prepayment risk in reverse mortgages: An intensity-governed surrender model," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 68-82.
    14. Lee, Yung-Tsung & Wang, Chou-Wen & Huang, Hong-Chih, 2012. "On the valuation of reverse mortgages with regular tenure payments," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 430-441.
    15. Hyung-Suk Choi, 2019. "A Numerical Analysis to Study Whether the Early Termination of Reverse Mortgages is Rational," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-10, December.
    16. Fehr, Hans & Hofmann, Maurice, 2020. "Tenure choice, portfolio structure and long-term care – Optimal risk management in retirement," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 17(C).
    17. Achou, Bertrand, 2021. "Housing liquidity and long-term care insurance demand: A quantitative evaluation," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    18. Kim, Joseph H.T. & Li, Johnny S.H., 2017. "Risk-neutral valuation of the non-recourse protection in reverse mortgages: A case study for Korea," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 133-154.
    19. Shao, Adam W. & Hanewald, Katja & Sherris, Michael, 2015. "Reverse mortgage pricing and risk analysis allowing for idiosyncratic house price risk and longevity risk," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 76-90.
    20. Iván de la Fuente & Eliseo Navarro & Gregorio Serna, 2020. "Reverse Mortgage Risks. Time Evolution of VaR in Lump-Sum Solutions," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-17, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    reverse mortgages; savings; retirement planning; insurance.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • R21 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Housing Demand

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rsi:creeic:2107. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Lee Boyle (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cediaca.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.